棉田机收膜杂除土装置设计与试验

Design and Test of the Equipment for Removing Soil from Recycling Residual Film by Machine

针对残膜资源化利用过程中,棉田机收残膜因土壤含量高导致企业运输成本高、人工分拣效率低、分拣后的土壤废弃物不易处理造成环境污染等问题,结合棉田膜杂中土壤、膜秆等物料特性,设计了一种机收膜杂除土装置。装置主要由筛体、前驱动曲轴、后曲轴、电机及机架等组成,可一次完成膜杂物料打散、膜秆后抛输送和除土作业。为增加筛体对杂膜打散作用,将筛体设计成在曲轴上回转相位不同的4个单筛体,并通过作业过程分析对其结构参数进行设计。试验结果表明:当曲轴转速176.62r/min、筛面倾角12°、筛体振幅139.81mm时,膜杂除土率为86.5%,能够满足膜杂除土作业要求。研究成果可为相关分离装置设计提供参考。

In this paper,in the process of resource utilization of residual film,cotton field machine harvesting residual film due to high soil content leads to high transportation costs for enterprises,low manual sorting efficiency,and environmental pollution caused by difficult disposal of soil waste after sorting,combined with cotton field film For the characteristics of materials such as soil and membrane stalks,a machine-collecting membrane and dirt removal device was designed,which is mainly composed of a sieve body,a front drive crankshaft,a rear crankshaft,a motor,a frame,etc.The staggered movement of the sieve body can complete the membrane impurities at one time The materials are scattered,the film stalks are thrown and conveyed and soil removal operations.In order to increase the effect of the screen body on the dispersing of the miscellaneous film materials,the screen body was designed into 4 single screen bodies with different rotation phases on the crankshaft,and the structural parameters are designed through the analysis of the operation process;by establishing the motion equation of the screen body,analysis The force process of the impurity materials on the screen surface and throwing on it obtains the law of the axial movement of the impurity materials along the screen surface.The test results show that when the crankshaft speed is 176.62 r/min,the screen surface inclination is 12°,and the screen body amplitude is 139.81 mm.The membrane impurity removal rate is 86.5%,which can meet the requirements of the membrane impurity removal industry.The research results can provide references for related device design.