基于管道输送装置的苹果撞击力试验研究

Experimental Study on Impact Force of Apple Based on Pipeline Conveying Device

针对果农采摘高层苹果效率低的问题,设计了一种管道输送装置辅助采摘果树高层的苹果,旨在为苹果高效低损采摘输送设计和轻简化采摘作业提供参考。建立撞击力测试试验台,分析果径为75、80、85mm的富士苹果由3 m高度沿输送管道下落至果箱时的撞击力;利用Design-Expert8.05软件,以内衬厚度、落地角度、防撞垫类型为试验因素,以苹果落至果箱时的撞击力为指标作响应面试验,对试验数据进行分析。结果表明:①随着输送管道内衬厚度的增加,苹果落至果箱时的撞击力逐渐降低;②随着落地角度的增加,苹果落至果箱时的撞击力逐渐提高;③硅橡胶材料的防撞垫对撞击力的缓冲效果相对较好。当内衬厚度为20mm、落地角度为56°、防撞垫类型为硅橡胶时,3种果径的苹果落至果箱时与果箱接触面的撞击力最小,撞击力为10.00~12.70N。

In order to solve the problem of low efficiency in fruit picking,a pipeline conveying device was designed to assist the picking of apples in the upper layers of fruit trees,so as to provide a reference for the design of high efficiency and low loss picking of apples and light and simplified picking operations.The impact force test rig was established to analyze the impact force of Fuji apples with fruit diameter of 75,80 and 85mm falling from a height of 3m along the pipeline to the fruit box.The Desk-Expert8.05 software was used to conduct a response surface test using the lining thickness,landing Angle and type of collision cushion as test factors,and the impact force of the apples falling to the fruit box as an indicator.Analyze the test data.The results showed that:①With the increase of the lining thickness of the conveying pipe,the impact force of the apples falling into the fruit box decreased gradually.②With the increase of the angle of landing,the impact force of the apple when it falls into the fruit box gradually increases.③The impact cushioning effect of silicone rubber cushion on impact force is relatively good.When the lining thickness is 20mm,the landing angle is 56°,and the type of anti-collision cushion is silicone rubber,the impact force between the three fruit diameter apples and the contact surface of the fruit box is the least,and the impact force is 10.00~12.70N.