制钵机间歇机构优化设计与试验

Research on Optimal Design Method of Intermittent Mechanism of Soil Block Making Machine

为解决ZB-2500型制钵机在作业过程中存在间歇机构定位不精确及时常发生刚性碰撞等问题,设计了一种定位精度相对较高的间歇机构—对称偏置槽槽轮机构。采用参数优化设计方法,选取偏置角θ、槽端厚度b和过渡圆弧半径R作为优化参数,在以设计要求为约束条件下,利用SolidWorks软件优化算例模块进行优化计算,通过对108种设计情形进行计算,得到了最优的设计结果为θ=57°、R=100mm、b=10mm、最小质量为1.9kg,在保证设计要求的前提下,较初始设计减少质量7.3%。研究同时得到:随着槽轮偏置角θ的增大,槽轮机构的强度降低,槽轮的最大轮廓半径变小,最大角速度变大。与原机构的对照试验表明:原机构随着工作转速增加,转角误差加速增大,在最大工作转速下,平均误差达到2.4°;而对称偏置槽槽轮机构随着转速增加,误差变化不大,在最大工作转速下平均转角误差为0.2°,满足制钵机工作要求。

In order to solve the problems that the soil block making machine,the number is ZB-2500,has an inaccurate positioning of the intermittent mechanism and frequent rigid impact during the operation.A symmetrical offset grooved sheave mechanism,an intermittent mechanism with a relatively higher precision,which is designed in this paper.A parametric design is adopted.The main unknown parameter offset angleθ,the symmetrical groove geneva wheel thickness b at the notch,and the transition arc radius R are selected as design parameters.Under the constraints of design requirements,the SolidWorks software optimization module is used for optimization calculations.By calculating 108 design situations,the optimal design results are obtained:the offset angleθis 57°,the R value is 100 mm and the value b is 10 mm,and the minimum mass is 1.9 kg.Under the premise of ensuring the design requirements,the quality is reduced by 7.3%compared with the original design.The research shows that the maximum profile radius of the sheave becomes smaller,the maximum angular velocity goes up,and the strength of the sheave mechanism was decreased with the increase of the sheave offset angleθ.The comparison test with the original mechanism shows that the angle error of the original mechanism increases rapidly with the increase of the working speed,and the average angle error is 2.4°at the maximum working speed.With the increase of working speed,the angular error of symmetric offset geneva mechanism has little change,and the average angular error is 0.2°at the maximum working speed,which meets the working requirements of soil block making machine.