皮带夹持式拔棉秆装置设计与试验

Study and Experiment on the Key Factors of Pull-up Force of Cotton Stalk

为提高棉秆起拔率,实现棉秆的整株拔取,设计了一种皮带夹持式拔棉秆装置,主要由前悬挂装置、分禾器、起拔输送装置以及液压系统构成。机具关键部位为起拔输送装置,作业时通过皮带夹持将棉秆拔出,随后输送皮带将拔起的棉秆输送至机具一侧,并有序地铺放在地表上。在单因素试验基础上,以前进速度、主动轮转速、拔秆高度为影响因素,以棉秆拔断率和漏拔率为试验指标,开展三因素三水平正交试验。试验结果表明:较优工作参数组合为主动轮转速250r/min、拔秆高度80mm、前进速度2km/h,在此工作参数组合下,棉秆拔断率为3.83%,棉秆漏拔率为5.93%,满足拔秆作业要求。研究结果可为后续棉秆收获机的研究提供参考。

In order to improve the cotton stalk pulling rate and realize the whole cotton stalk pulling,a belt clamping cotton stalk pulling device was designed.The device is mainly composed of front suspension device,divider,pulling and conveying device and hydraulic system.The main part of the device is the pulling and conveying device.During the operation,the cotton stalk is pulled out by the belt clamping,and then the belt will transport the pulled cotton stalk to one side of the device,and orderly lay it on the ground.Firstly,the range of forward speed,driving wheel speed and pulling height was determined by single factor experiment.On the basis of single factor experiment,three factors and three levels orthogonal experiment was carried out with forward speed,driving wheel speed and pulling height as influencing factors,and cotton stalk plucking rate and leakage rate as experimental indexes.The results showed that the optimal parameter combination wasdriving wheel speed of 250 r/min,pulling height of 80 mm and forward speed of 2 km/h,the verification test was carried out under this working parameter combination.The cotton stalk plucking rate was 3.83%,and the cotton stalk leakage rate was 5.93%.The research results can provide references for the development and improvement of cotton stalk harvester.