吊杯式移栽机振动特性分析及对孔穴参数的影响

Analysis of Vibration Characteristics of Lifting Cup Transplanter and Its Effect on Hole Parameters

针对吊杯式移栽机受自身及外界激励产生振动影响栽植机构栽植性能的问题,进行了移栽机作业时振动特性测试与时域、频域分析,并对不同振动强度下吊杯式栽植器所成孔穴参数进行测量。试验表明:移栽机栽植机构的振动为低频振动,主频主要分布在4.25~5.25Hz范围内,移栽机前进速度和栽植深度是影响移栽机振动特性的重要因素。移栽机前进速度在0.8~2.0km/h范围内时,前进速度越大,移栽机栽植机构的振动加速度越大;移栽机栽植深度在70~130mm范围内时,栽植深度越大,移栽机栽植机构的振动加速度越大。通过分析不同振动强度对孔穴深度、穴口纵长的影响表明:振动强度越大时,土壤受到的扰动越大,土壤回流量越多,孔穴的有效深度均值越小,穴口纵长均值越大。研究结果可为吊杯式移栽机优化设计和作业参数的选取提供参考依据。

Aiming at the problem that the planting performance of the planting mechanism is affected by the vibration of the lifting cup transplanter caused by its own and external excitation,the vibration characteristic test and time-domain and frequency-domain analysis during the transplanter operation were carried out,and the hole parameters of the lifting cup transplanter under different vibration intensities were measured.The experimental results show that the vibration of the transplanter is low frequency vibration,and the main vibration frequency is mainly distributed in the range of 4.25-5.25Hz.The moving speed and planting depth of the transplanter are the important factors affecting the vibration characteristics of the transplanter.When the forward speed of transplanter is within the range of 0.8-2.0km/h,the greater the forward speed is,the greater the vibration acceleration of the transplanteris.When the planting depth of the transplanter was within the range of 70-130mm,the greater the planting depth was,the greater the vibration acceleration of the transplanter was.By analyzing the influence of different vibration intensity on the hole depth and the length of the hole,it is found that when the vibration intensity is larger,the soil is more disturbed,the soil flow is more,and the average value of effective depth of the hole is smaller,and the average value of the length of the hole is larger.The research results can provide a reference for the optimization design and the selection of operation parameters of the lifting cup transplanter.