世界卫生组织《应对结核病及其共病合作行动框架》解读

Interpretation of Framework for collaborative action on tuberculosis and comorbidities

在全球范围内,结核病仍然是由单一传染性病原体导致死亡的主要原因之一。主要的结核病共病和与结核病相关的健康危险因素包括人类免疫缺陷病毒感染、酗酒、营养不良、吸烟、糖尿病、精神失常、矽肺和病毒性肝炎。应对结核病患者共病和相关健康危险因素对于终止结核病流行至关重要。为实现这一目标,诊疗、护理和关怀的重点应该放在患者上,而不是具体的疾病上,全球应致力于合作应对结核病及其共病问题。为此,2022年10月,世界卫生组织制定了《应对结核病及其共病合作行动框架》,框架分为5个部分,每部分均列出了有助于推广合作防控结核病及其共病问题的主要行动。笔者就该文件制定的行动框架概要、主要共病和行动原则等进行解读,以供相关专业工作者参考。

Globally,tuberculosis(TB)remains one of the leading causes of death due to a single infectious agent.The main comorbidities and health-related risk factors of TB include human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),disorders due to the use of alcohol,undernutrition,tobacco smoking,diabetes mellitus,mental disorders,silicosis and viral hepatitis.Tacking both health-related risk factors and comorbidities among people with TB is essential for ending the TB epidemic.To achieve this,a well-rounded patient care approach is preferable to just targeting the disease alone.Substantial effort and global commitment are needed to achieve this collaboratively.Therefore,World Health Organization(WHO)has launched a framework for collaborative action on tuberculosis and comorbidities.The framework is organized into five sections,each of which lists key activities for scaling up joint efforts on TB and comorbidities.To know the contents of this document timely,we interpret the key points of the framework,key comorbidities and action principles to provide a reference for professionals.