2020-2021年凉山地区奶牛乳房炎主要.病原菌抽样调查报告

Identification and Analysis of the Main Pathogenic Bacteria of Mastitis in Dairy Cows in the Liangshan Region

在2020-2021年间,对凉山地区不同生产规模及不同管理水平的5个养殖场的518份乳房炎奶样及关联环境样品的病原菌携带情况,进行了抽样调查。调查显示:在抽检的518份乳样及关联环境样品中有335份检出病原菌,检出率64.67%;其中106份检出两种及两种以上菌,占检出数的31.64%。在被检测奶样中,临床型乳房炎乳样和隐性乳房炎乳样单一菌株的检出占比有显著差异。该区乳房炎奶牛乳汁及其关联环境样本中主要为葡萄球菌、链球菌等革兰氏阳性菌;革兰氏阴性菌以大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌和奇异变形杆菌为主。金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为该地区乳房炎防控重点病原菌。

During the year of 2020-2021,totally 518 mastitis milk samples and associated samples from five farms with different production patterns and different management levels in Liangshan region were cultured for bacterial identification from growth phenotypes and 16SrDNA.The results showed that pathogenic bacteria were detected in 335 of the 518 milk samples and associated environmental samples tested,with a detection rate of 64.67%;two or more bacteria were detected in 106 of the samples,accounting for 31.64% of the detections.There was a significant difference in the percentage of detection of single strains of clinical mastitis milk samples and latent mastitis milk samples.Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus were predominant in the milk of mastitis cows and their associated environmental samples in the region.Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Aspergillus chimaerae were predominant.Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase negative staphylococci were the focus of mastitis prevention and control in the region.