厌氧氨氧化及其衍生技术的研究与发展

Research and Development of Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation and Its Derivative Technology

厌氧氨氧化过程无需外加有机碳源、不消耗氧气、不产生温室气体,可大幅降低能耗和有机碳源消耗,有潜力构建能量输出的“碳中和”型未来污水厂。但厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)生长缓慢,AnAOB在污水处理系统中稳定持留和富集至关重要。如何稳定获取亚硝态氮,是实际应用面临的瓶颈问题。近年来,短程硝化、短程反硝化与厌氧氨氧化的耦合工艺不断发展,双耦合厌氧氨氧化SDR-AOA工艺表现出显著的降低处理能耗和运行费用潜势,且可强化污水生物系统深度脱氮,应用至新建或升级改造污水处理厂前景广阔。

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation process does not require additional organic carbon sources,does not consume oxygen,and does not produce greenhouse gases,which can significantly reduce energy consumption and organic carbon source consumption,and has the potential to build a"carbon neutral"future sewage plant with energy output.However,the growth of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AnAOB)is slow,so it is very important for the stable retention and enrichment of AnAOB in the sewage treatment system.How to obtain nitrite nitrogen stably is a bottleneck problem in practical application.In recent years,the coupling process of short cut nitrification,short cut denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation has been continuously developed.The double coupling anaerobic ammonia oxidation SDR-AOA process has shown the potential to significantly reduce treatment energy consumption and operating costs,and can strengthen the deep denitrification of sewage biological system.It has broad prospects for application to new or upgraded sewage treatment plants.