企业创新的外在动力:公共科研机构技术转让的驱动效应

Impact of Technology Transfer from Public Research Institutions on Corporate Innovation

产学研深度融合从而充分释放公共科研机构对企业的创新驱动效应,既是创新经济学研究的重要议题,也是提升中国创新发展质量的关键。本文通过构建一个包含丰富专利信息的企业层面数据集,考察了在知识产权制度框架下公共科研机构的技术转让对企业创新的影响。研究表明,公共科研机构的技术转让显著提升了中国企业的创新表现,其积极影响不仅体现在发明专利申请数量度量的“量”的维度,还体现在发明专利前向引用度量的“质”的维度。本文还从企业创新数量的二元边际、专利的“基础性”、公共科研机构转让专利与企业发明专利在技术领域上的关联性以及受让强度4个方面展开了拓展性分析和讨论。本研究对产学研融合、技术要素市场化和知识产权交易等相关议题具有一定启示意义。

The propitious combination of basic research and applied R&D focused on triggering the innovation-driven impact of public scientific research institutions on firms and the deep integration of industry,education and research are both central themes in innovation economy research and key links in improving the quality and efficiency of China’s innovative development.This paper constructs a firmlevel dataset with rich patent information and then examines the impact of technology transfer from public scientific research institutions on corporate innovation within the framework of the intellectual property system.The results of the study reveal that technology transfer by public scientific research institutions significantly improves the innovation performance of Chinese enterprises,and its positive impact is not only reflected“quantitatively”(by the number of invention patent applications) but also“qualitatively”(by the number of forward citations on invention patents).Extensive analysis and discussion is also carried out considering four relevant aspects:the binary margins(intensive and extensive) of corporate innovation,the fundamentality of corporate patents,the technology-field connection between patents transferred from public research institutions and those subsequently innovated by“treated”firms and the treatment intensity.The work presents certain policy and practical implications in the integration of industry,education and research,the commercialisation of technological factors and the trade of intellectual property rights.