农民工返乡创业驱动因素及其地区差异实证分析

Driving Factors and Regional Differences of Migrant Workers Returning Home to Start Business

在分析社会因素和经济因素驱动农民工返乡创业机理的基础上,基于703户农民工家庭的调查数据,综合运用OLS和Probit回归模型实证检验了农民工返乡创业的驱动因素及其地区差异,研究结果发现:(1)社会驱动因素中,就业福利对农民工返乡创业具有促进效应,居住福利对农民工返乡创业具有阻力效应,社会融入的驱动作用不显著。(2)经济驱动因素中,创业环境和资本禀赋对农民工返乡创业都具有正的拉动作用,家庭责任的驱动作用不显著。(3)农民工返乡创业驱动力存在地区差异,整体而言,经济因素对东部地区农民工返乡创业的驱动作用最大,社会因素对西部地区农民工返乡创业的驱动作用最大。(4)农民工返乡创业驱动力存在城际差异,在行政级别较低的地级市、县城务工的农民工选择返乡创业的概率更大。

Based on the survey data of 703 migrant workers, this paper empirically analyzes the social and economic factors driving the entrepreneurship mechanism of migrant workers returning hometown and its regional differences,by the means of OLS and Probit regression model. The results show that: 1) Among the social driving factors,employment welfare has a promoting effect on the migrant workers returning home to start business, while residential welfare has a resistance effect on the migrant workers returning home to start business,and the driving effect of social integration is not significant. 2) Among the economic driving factors, both entrepreneurial environment and capital endowment have positive effect on the migrant workers returning home to start business,while the family responsibility is not significant.3) There are regional differences in the driving forces of migrant workers returning home to start businesses. On the whole,economic factors have the greatest driving effect on migrant workers returning home to start businesses in the east of China,while social factors have the greatest driving effect on migrant workers returning home to start businesses in the west of China. 4) There are inter-city differences in the driving force of returning home to start business. The probability of returning home to start business is higher for migrant workers who work in cities and counties with lower administrative level.