木星环境下航天器常用材料表面带电效应试验研究

Experimental Study on Surface Charge Discharge Effect of Common Spacecraft Materialsin Jupiter Environment

木星极光区为极光电子注入等离子体环境,是木星轨道航天器表面充电典型恶劣环境。基于木星磁层等离子体模型DG1/DG2,系统论述了木星极光区等离子体环境及其特征;通过理论研究认为,在仿真计算和地面模拟试验评估木星航天器表面充电水平时,对于木星极光区等离子体环境,可以采用背景等离子体加极光电子的双麦克斯韦分布模型来近似。利用兰州空间技术物理所的“空间等离子体充放电效应模拟设备”及其测试平台,模拟木星极光区的麦克斯韦分布入射极光电子流(特征能量为25 keV)及其束流强度(0.02~0.08 nA/cm2),开展了木星航天器常用表面材料ITO-OSR、CFRP和CERS表面充放电效应地面模拟试验研究。研究表明,在木星极光区环境条件下,航天器常用表面材料CFRP与ITO-OSR间、CFRP与CERS间均存在着静电放电风险。研究为我国未来木星航天器研制及其充放电效应防护提供了设计依据和试验基础。

The auroral zone of Jupiter is the plasma environment where auroral electrons are injected into.It is a typical harsh surface charging environment for Jupiter orbiter.Based on the Jupiter magnetospheric plasma model DG1/DG2,the plasma environment and its characteristics in the auroral zone of Jupiter are systematically discussed,and it is concluded that the double Maxwellian distribution model of background plasma plus auroral electrons can be used to approximate the plasma environment in the auroral zone of Jupiter when evaluating the surface charge level of Jupiter probe in simulation computation and ground simulation test.On the above basis,applying the“Space Plasma Charge-discharge Effect Simulation Equipment”and its test platform belonging to Lanzhou Institute of Physics and using the electron gun to generate and simulate the Maxwellian distribution incident auroral electron flow(characteristic energy is 25 keV)and its beam intensity(0.02~0.08 nA/cm2)in the auroral zone of Jupiter,the surface charge-discharge effects of ITO-OSR,CFRP and CERS used for Jupiter probe are ground simulated.The results show that the electrostatic discharge risk exists between CFRP and ITO-OSR,between CFRP and CERS,and between ITO-OSR and CERS in the Jupiter aurora environment.This study provides a design basis and experimental basis for the development of China’s future Jupiter probe and its chargedischarge effect protection.