基于适时模式的出院准备服务提升脑卒中患者家庭照顾者的照顾能力的研究

Discharge Preparation Service Based on Timing-It-Right Model Improves the Care Ability of Family Caregivers for Patients with Stroke

目的:探讨基于适时模式的出院准备服务对提高脑卒中患者主要照顾者照顾能力及改善卒中患者预后的效果。方法:采用方便抽样法收集符合标准的100例脑卒中患者及其家庭照顾者100名,按其照时间顺序分为对照组和干预组,各50例。对照组给予神经内科常规护理,干预组给予神经内科常规护理及基于适时模式的出院准备服务。2组患者出院后均随访6个月。于入院时、出院时、出院后3个月和6个月,分别采用家庭照顾者能力测量表(FCTI)和Barthel指数(BI)对2组照顾者和患者进行评分和比较。结果:至6个月随访结束时,对照组46例纳入数据分析(脱落4例),干预组47例纳入数据分析(脱落3例)。出院时,2组照顾者的FCTI总分均较入院时降低(P<0.05),且干预组低于对照组(P<0.05)。各随访时间点组间比较结果显示,2组患者出院时的BI差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);出院后3个月、6个月时,干预组患者的BI评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。各随访时间点组内比较结果显示,2组出院后3个月、6个月与本组入、出院时的BI差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于适时模式的出院准备服务可在较短时间内提高脑卒中患者照顾者的照顾能力,并有助于改善患者预后。

Objective:To explore the effect of timing-it-right discharge preparation service on improving the care ability of the main caregivers of stroke patients,so as to reduce the recurrence of stroke.Methods:Using convenience sampling,100 stroke patients and their 100 caregivers were collected.According to sequential order,they were divided into the control group and test group with 50 cases in each.The control group was given routine nursing care,while the test group was given routine nursing care and timing-it-right discharge preparation service.Patients in both groups were followed for 6 months after discharge.The family caregiver task inventory(FCTI)and Barthel index(BI)were used to assess and compare the two groups of caregivers and patients at admission,discharge,3 months after discharge,and 6 months after discharge.Results:At the end of the 6-month follow up,46 cases had been collected(4 cases lost)in the control group and 47 cases(3 cases lost)had been collected in the test group.At discharge,the FCTI total score in both groups showed a decrease compared to values at admission(P<0.05),and the test group showed a lower score than the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in patient BI score at discharge(P>0.05);at 3 and 6 months after discharge,the test group patients showed a higher BI score than the control group patients(P<0.05).When comparing within each group,both groups showed a significantly different BI score at 3 and 6 months after discharge compared to the same group at admission and discharge(P<0.05).Conclusion:Timing-it-right discharge preparation service can greatly improve the care ability of caregivers of stroke patients in a short time and can improve the self-care ability of discharged patients.