章回体英雄传奇小说中的口头叙事

Oral Narrative in the Hero-Legend Novels of Zhanghui Style

章回体英雄传奇小说在文体特征、叙事结构、叙事特点、叙事观念等方面不同程度地接受了口头文学的影响,保有说话艺术特有的程式化表述和口头叙述方式,借鉴和化用口头文学中常见的母题和叙事结构规则,生动体现了口头文学与书面文学在各自发展的历程中互相渗透和影响的态势。借鉴口头文学的视角、理论与方法,本文从程式化叙述方式的袭用、三迭式叙事结构的移用以及情节类型化和角色功能化等方面分析章回体英雄传奇小说如何创造性地利用口头文学的传统叙事资源,为理解和阐释书面文学提供新的维度。

The hero-legend novels of zhanghui style have been influenced by oral literature in terms of stylistic features,narrative structure,narrative features and narrative concepts,retaining the unique formulaic expressions and oral narrative style of the art of speaking,and borrowing and applying the common themes and rules of narrative structure in oral literature,vividly reflecting the interpenetration and influence of oral literature and written literature.This article analyses how the traditional narrative resources of oral literature are creatively utilized in these novels,providing a new understanding of written literature in terms of the appropriation of the formulaic narrative style,the transfer of the triple narrative structure,as well as the typology of plot and the functionalization of characters.