小流域视角下生态—经济价值评估及补偿机制——以辽宁庄河市为例

Study on eco-economic value evaluation and compensation from the perspective of small watershed:A case study of Zhuanghe city in Liaoning province

为响应生态文明建设对生态效益和经济效益综合增长的需求,丰富国土空间研究的自然生态视角,以辽宁省庄河市为例,研究小流域地区生态价值核算及经济补偿问题。在坚持生态完整和划清事权原则下,通过叠加小流域区和行政区边界,构建“县域—小流域—次小流域—微流域+村域”分层级分单元的空间体系。在生态完整的小流域及次小流域单元尺度上,通过生态—经济相对优先模型计算单元间的生态补偿关系;在“微流域+村域”的基础单元尺度上,以国土空间保护与开发评价为基础,通过分单元分类管控的方式,确保生态补偿的实施和落地。通过构建生态—经济价值评估体系,探索适用于山地丘陵地区的国土空间保护与开发平衡发展的方式。

The era of ecological civilization construction emphasizes the comprehensive growth of ecological and economic benefits. In order to respond to this demand and enrich the natural ecological perspective of territorial space research, by taking Zhuanghe city of Liaoning province as an example, this paper studies the ecological value evaluation and economic compensation in small watershed areas. First of all, based on water system classification law called Strahler-Horton, We take the hydrological analysis of GIS as the main tool to simulate and divide the small watershed of Zhuanghe city. Taking the dumping points and watersheds at all levels as boundaries, small watersheds are divided into sub-watersheds and micro watersheds. The units divided under the small watershed system have ecological integrity, in addition, the units have index conductivity, which come from original administrative management system including county, township and village. And then, under the principle of ensuring ecosystem integrity and clear division of powers, this hierarchical and partitioned spatial system is structured by superimposing the boundaries of small watershed areas and administrative areas, including county, small watershed, sub-watershed and "micro watershed+village". Finally, about the small watershed and sub-watershed, owing to their complete ecosystem, the method called eco-economic relative priority model is available to obtain the ecological compensation relationship between units. About the basic unit scale called "micro watershed + village", based on evaluations including ecological importance, agricultural production suitability and urban development suitability, we divide the types of each basic unit,to make sure the implementation of ecological compensation. Through constructing the ecoeconomic value evaluation system, this paper looks for a method about how to balance the protection and development of land space in the mountainous and hilly areas.