基于人眼视域图像识别的风景道视觉景观质量评价

Visual landscape quality of scenic road:Applying image recognition to decipher human field of view

风景道是国家旅游与交通产业融合发展的举措,而视觉景观质量(VLQ)则是风景道建设的依托。当代计算机视觉技术的发展为风景道VLQ的研究带来机遇,使其在方法上能够突破主观与客观之间的二元分割。以云南思小高速为研究对象,通过多镜头组合的等距拍摄方式获取道路景观的双眼视域图像,利用图像识别技术获取图像的像素信息;建构“非量表式语义差异法”,从“自然—人工”“多样—统一”“开阔—幽深”3个维度对视域图像进行像素级别的计算。结果显示,案例地VLQ的特征较为突出,具有高度自然、相对统一和开阔的总体特征;不同行驶方向上的VLQ存在差异,但该差异会随观测尺度的扩大而减小。基于研究结果,本文提出设置支线道路配合突出风景道形象、强化双向道路景观的差异化建设措施。实证研究在风景道VLQ测评方面表现出了直观、精确的特征,反映了本文“主体性与客观性兼顾”的方法论优势。该方法的运用将助力管理机构制定更具科学性的风景道规划、建设与管理决策,推动中国风景道的高质量发展。

With the visual landscape quality(VLQ)as the evaluation index,scenic roads are among the efforts for the integrative development of tourism and transportation.The current progress in computer vision techniques provides an opportunity for exploring the VLQ.Technique revolution brings about a new methodology to cut across the long-standing dichotomy of subjectivity and objectivity in landscape quality research.Taking the Simao-Xiaomengyang highway in Yunnan as a case study,this paper develops a multi-camera configuration approach to capture and synthesize landscape images fitting with human field of view,and adopts the image recognition technique to acquire the pixel data.Based on these data,we conceptualized the non-scale semantic differential analysis to calculate the landscape qualities from the dimensions of"naturalness—artificiality","diversity—coherence",and"openness—deepness".The results show that the VLQ in the road in the case study is distinctive,which is highly natural,relatively coherent and open.The VLQ is different in various driving directions,but the differences diminish with the expansion of observation distance.Based on the empirical results,we propose to set up branch byways to consolidate the image of the scenic road,as well as increase differentiated construction measures between directions of the road.The case study results are intuitive and accurate in the aspect of the scenic road VLQ evaluation,which indicates that our methodology is advantageous in integrating subjectivity and objectivity.This method would help the road administrators to formulate policies in planning,construction and management,hereby promoting the highquality development of scenic roads in China.