欧亚种‘丹娜’葡萄不同砧穗组合果实香气物质的差异比较

Comparison of Differences in Aroma Components among Vitis vinifera L.cv.‘Tannat’ Grapes Grafted onto Different Rootstocks

利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术,连续两年(2016和2017年)研究了‘1103P’、‘140R’、‘101-14’、‘3309C’、‘SO4’和‘贝达’6种砧木嫁接对‘丹娜’(Vitis vinifera L.cv.‘Tannat’)葡萄果实香气物质积累的影响。结果表明:2016年,不同砧木对果实香气影响更加显著,其中‘1103P’可以显著提高‘丹娜’葡萄果实C_(6)/C_(9)类物质的总含量,游离态的己醇、(Z)-3-己烯醇、(E)-2-己烯醛和正己醛是其特征性的C_(6)/C_(9)化合物;‘140R’有利于‘丹娜’葡萄果实酯类物质的合成;而‘3309C’则降低了‘丹娜’葡萄果实酯类、C_(6)/C_(9)类和挥发性酚类香气物质的含量。‘贝达’和‘SO4’在两个年份中均提高了‘丹娜’葡萄果实萜烯类物质的含量;‘SO4’还可以显著提高‘丹娜’葡萄果实C13-降异戊二烯类物质的含量,其特征性C13-降异戊二烯类化合物为游离态(E)-β-大马士酮和(Z)-β-大马士酮。本研究可以为实际生产中‘丹娜’葡萄嫁接砧木的选择与应用提供一定的参考。

In the present research,the effects of grafting onto six rootstocks including‘1103P’,‘140R’,‘101-14’,‘3309C’,‘SO4’and‘Beta’on the accumulation of aromatic compounds in‘Tannat’(Vitis vinifera L.)grapes from the 2016 and 2017 vintages were studied by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results showed that the effect of different rootstocks on grape aroma was more significant for the 2016 vintage.‘1103P’could significantly increase the content of C_(6)/C_(9) compounds in‘Tannat’grapes and free hexanol,(Z)-3-hexenol,(E)-2-hexenal and 1-hexanal were the characteristic C_(6)/C_(9) compounds;‘140R’was beneficial to the synthesis of esters in‘Tannat’grapes,while‘3309C’showed a tendency to reduce the contents of C_(6)/C_(9) compounds,esters and volatile phenols in‘Tannat’grapes.Both‘Beta’and‘SO4’increased the content of terpenes in‘Tannat’grapes from both vintages,and‘SO4’also could significantly increase the content of C13-norisoprenoids in‘Tannat’grapes,with the characteristic ones being free(E)-β-damasone and(Z)-β-damasone.The research results provide a reference for the selection and application of the grafting rootstocks for‘Tannat’grapes in practical production.