水电站重大件多式联运路径优化方法

Multimodal transportation route optimization method for heavy and large equipment of hydropower stations

重大件设备运输是大型水电站设计和建设过程中必须要解决的重要问题。在分析多式联运运输特性以及不同运输方式对重大件运输限制条件的基础上,综合考虑转运站和交通设施的改扩建情况,从经济、风险、工程需求以及运输限制条件等方面出发建立多式联运多目标路径优化模型;并提出了一种基于层次分析法(AHP)和迪杰斯特拉(Dijkstra)算法的混合求解方法。该方法以运输限制条件为过滤条件,精简运输网络;采用AHP法确定各指标权重,通过指标赋权的方法计算综合边权值;采用Dijkstra法基于综合边权值从精简运输网络中寻找最佳运输方案。最后结合工程案例给出运输方案的计算和优选过程,验证了方法的可靠性和实用性。相关研究方法与结论为重大件运输方案优化提供了技术支撑。

The transportation of heavy and large equipment is an important issue that must be solved in the design and construction of large hydropower stations.We analyze the characteristics of multimodal transportation and the restrictions on the transportation of heavy and large equipment by different modes of transportation,and comprehensively consider the transformation of transfer stations and transportation facilities along the route.A multi-objective path optimization model of multimodal transport was established from the aspects of economy,risk,engineering demand and transportation constraints.A hybrid solution method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and the Dijkstra algorithm was proposed.This method took the transportation restriction condition as the primary filtering condition to simplify the transportation network;the AHP method was used to determine the weight of each index,and the comprehensive edge weight was calculated by the method of index weighting.The Dijkstra method was used to find the best transportation scheme from the simplified transportation network based on the comprehensive edge weight value.Finally,the calculation and optimization process of the transportation scheme was given in combination with an engineering case,and the reliability and practicability of the method were verified,which provides technical support for the optimization of the heavy cargo transportation scheme.