中国新型城镇化与科技创新水平耦合协调特征及影响因素研究

Research on the characteristics and influencing factors of coupling coordination between new urbanization and scientific and technological innovation in China

探究中国新型城镇化与科技创新水平耦合协调特征及影响因素对我国实现城乡统筹、城乡一体化,促进经济和科技发展,实现共同富裕目标具有实际意义。基于中国30个省市2010—2021年的相关数据,计算新型城镇化水平和科技创新水平,构建耦合协调模型分析探究耦合协调特征,采用基尼系数探究区域差异,并借助Tobit模型分析新型城镇化水平与科技创新水平的影响因素进行研究。结果表明:(1)各省市耦合协调度呈现略微下降趋势,协调度等级为东南部高于西北部的分布形式;(2)中国省域科技创新水平与新型城镇化水平耦合关系整体差异正在不断扩大,七大区域与全国走势基本相同,各城市间的耦合协调度差异性愈发显著,组间差异是耦合协调差异的主要来源;(3)开放程度、专利数量、政府支持、教育水平和能源消耗总量对科技创新效率有显著的积极影响,而第二产业GDP在国内生产总值中的份额对科技创新效率影响不显著。这些结果能更直观地表现出城镇化和科技创新水平耦合的变化趋势和方向。要提高两个系统的协调发展水平,应充分挖掘协调发展的实质,加强跨区合作,加大政府投入,提升整体协调发展程度。

Exploring the characteristics and influencing factors of the coupling coordination between new urbanization and scientific and technological innovation level in China has practical significance for the overall planning and the integration of urban and rural areas to promote economic and technological development and achieve the goal of common prosperity.Based on the relevant data of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2021,this paper calculates the level of new urbanization and the level of scientific and technological innovation,and constructs a coupled coordination model to analyze the characteristics of coupled coordination.It uses the Gini coefficient to explore regional differences,and analyzes the influencing factors of the level of new urbanization and the level of scientific and technological innovation with the help of the Tobit model.The results show that:(1) The coupling coordination degree of all provinces shows a slightly downward trend,and the degree of coordination is higher in the southeast than that in the northwest.(2) The overall difference of the coupling relationship between provincial level of science and technology innovation and the level of new urbanization is expanding,and the trend of the seven regions is basically the same as that of the whole country.The difference of the coupling coordination degree among cities is becoming more and more significant,and the inter-group difference is the main source of the coupling coordination difference.(3) The degree of openness,the number of patents,government support,education level and total energy consumption have significant positive effects on science and technology(S&T) innovation efficiency,but the proportion of the secondary industry GDP in totoal GDP has no significant effect on S&T innovation efficiency.These results can more directly show the changing trend and direction of the coupling of urbanization and scientific and technological innovation level.To improve the coordinated development level of the two systems,decision-makers should fully explore the essence of coordinated development,strengthen cross-regional cooperation,increase government input,and improve the overall coordinated development level.