低负荷下延迟焦化装置分馏系统结焦分析与优化措施

Coking Analysis and Optimization of Fractionation System in Delayed Coking Unit Under Low Load

延迟焦化是实现重质油轻质化的重要工艺,发展较为成熟,多年来一直作为重油产品深加工的重要手段。作为炼厂的主要装置之一,装置能否长周期运行影响到全厂的物料平衡和经济核算。分馏塔是延迟焦化装置的核心设备,运行好坏直接影响到装置的运行周期和产品质量,也影响着装置的安全生产。本文根据生产装置的实际运行情况,针对低负荷下分馏塔的易结焦部位,从工艺控制、设备运行、油浆掺炼等方面分析了易结焦的原因,并提出优化改进措施,这有效防止或延缓了分馏塔的结焦,为装置长周期安全运行提供了保证。

Delayed coking is an important process to realize the light weight of heavy oil,which is relatively mature and has been an important means of deep processing of heavy oil products for many years.As one of the charging devices in the refinery,whether the device can operate for a long period affects the material balance and economic accounting of the whole plant.Fractionating tower is the core equipment of delayed coking unit.The operation quality directly affects the operation cycle of the unit and product quality,as well as the safety production.According to the actual operation of the production device,aiming at the coking part of the fractionating tower under low load,the reasons for coking are analyzed from the aspects of process control,equipment operation and oil slurry mixing,and the optimization and improvement measures are put forward.This can effectively prevent or delay the coking of the fractionating column and provide a guarantee for the long period of safe operation of the device.