枪管污染和发热对狙击步枪射击精度的影响

Effect of Barrel Contamination and Heating on the Shooting Accuracy of Sniper Rifles

为研究高精度狙击步枪在训练和作战使用时,由于射击导致枪管污染和发热后,枪械再次射击时的射击精度变化情况,以国内已经大量装备的某型7.62 mm高精度狙击步枪为研究对象,制定实验方案,在室内靶场100 m射击距离上,采用精度射击试验台对某型7.62 mm高精度狙击步枪进行射击精度试验,分析枪管污染程度和温度随射弹量的变化规律,探讨枪管污染和发热对高精度狙击步枪射击精度的影响。结果表明:射弹量在1个弹药基数内,随着射弹数的增加,高精度狙击步枪枪管内膛污染加重,枪管温度明显升高,但显著低于小口径步枪;无论是枪管污染加重还是枪管温度升高,对高精度狙击步枪100 m射距处的射击精度均无明显影响。用户不需要在1个弹药基数内频繁擦拭枪管,也不需要分别在冷、热枪管状态下进行射校矫正。

To study the shooting accuracy of the firearms when the gun barrel of the high-precision sniping rifle is polluted and heated after shooting during training and operation, a 7.62 mm high-precision sniping rifle of a certain type widely equipped in China was taken as the study object, and the experimental scheme was formulated. A precision shooting test bench was used to detect the shooting accuracy of a 7.62 mm high-precision sniping rifle at a range of 100 m in the indoor shooting range. The change law of barrel contamination and temperature with projectile quantity was analyzed. In addition, the impact of barrel contamination and heating on the shooting accuracy of high-precision sniping rifle was analyzed. The results show that the barrel bore contamination increases with the increase of the number of rounds fired within one ammunition base, and the barrel temperature increases significantly, but it was significantly lower than that of small caliber rifles. Whether the barrel contamination is aggravated or the barrel temperature increases, the effect on the firing accuracy at 100 m firing distance is not obvious. Users do not need to wipe the barrel frequently within 1 ammunition base and do not need to correct the firing calibration in cold and hot barrel conditions, respectively.