家庭与社会支持对老年糖尿病患者治疗依从性和低血糖风险的影响

The influence of family and social support on treatment compliance and risk of hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients

目的:探讨家庭与社会支持对老年糖尿病患者治疗依从性及低血糖风险的影响。方法:选取2019年12月—2021年12月青岛市市立医院内分泌科收治的96例60岁以上糖尿病患者,随访2年,根据随访期间是否发生低血糖分为低血糖组和非低血糖组。比较两组患者一般资料、家庭功能评定量表(APGAR)、领悟社会支持评定量表(PSSS),采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响老年糖尿病患者低血糖风险的相关因素,并应用多因素线性回归分析影响老年糖尿病患者治疗依从性的相关因素。结果:随访2年后共12例患者失访,剩余的84例中,其中发生低血糖情况29例(34.52%),纳入低血糖组;其余为非低血糖组55例(65.48%)。低血糖组患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、APGAR评分、PSSS评分与非低血糖组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,HbA1c(OR=5.008,P<0.0011)为老年糖尿病患者低血糖风险的危险因素;APGAR评分(OR=0.107,P=0.004)、PSSS评分(OR=0.752,P=0.020)为老年糖尿病患者低血糖的保护因素。多因素线性分析结果显示,APGAR评分、PSSS评分是影响老年糖尿病患者治疗依从性的相关因素。结论:H b A1c为老年糖尿病患者急诊风险的危险因素,家庭功能与社会支持是老年糖尿病患者低血糖风险的保护因素,家庭功能与社会支持是老年糖尿病患者治疗依从性的影响因素,对临床有指导意义。

Objective To observe the influence of family and social support on the treatment compliance of elderly diabetic patients and analyze its influence on the risk of hypoglycemia.Methods Selected diabetic patients over 60 years old who were in our hospital from December 2019 to December 2021 as the research subjects.A total of 96 cases were enrolled and followed up for 2 years.According to whether hypoglycemia occurred during the follow-up period,they were divided into hypoglycemia group and non-hypoglycemia group.Compare the normal information,Family Function Rating Scale(APGAR),and Perceived Social Support Rating Scale(PSSS)of the two groups of patients,Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors affecting the risk of hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients.Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors affecting the treatment compliance of elderly diabetic patients.Results A total of 12 patients were lost to follow-up after 2 years of follow-up for all subjects.Among them,29 cases(34.52%)of hypoglycemia occurred in the emergency department,which belonged to the hypoglycemia group,and the rest were 55 cases(65.48%)of the non-hypoglycemia group.The differences in glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),APGAR score and PSSS score between the hypoglycemia group and the non-hypoglycemia group were statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that:HbA1c(OR=5.008,P<0.0011)is a risk factor for the risk of hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients,APGAR score(OR=0.107,P=0.004),PSSS score(OR=0.752,P=0.020)is a protective factor.The results of multivariate linear analysis showed that APGAR score and PSSS score are related factors that affect the treatment compliance of elderly diabetic patients.Conclusion HbA1c is a risk factor for emergency risk in elderly diabetic patients.Family function and social support are protective factors for emergency hypoglycemia risk in elderly diabetic patients.Family function and social support are the influencing factors of treatment compliance of elderly diabetic patients,and they are of clinical significance.