基于改进相移法的煤田地震瑞利波资料处理

Processing of the seismic Rayleigh wave data of coalfields based on the improved phase-shift method

相移法是一种常用的提取瑞利波频散曲线的方法,然而在复杂波场条件下,相移法计算的频谱中瑞利波频散能量分辨率较差,使得频散曲线的准确性降低。本文对相移法进行改进,将频散谱上各点的振幅值进行求幂运算,以提高频散能量的收敛性与聚焦性。我们利用改进的相移法对理论地层模型的模拟数据和某研究区的煤田地震实际数据进行处理,将处理结果与常规相移法生成的频散谱对比分析,并对实际资料的频散曲线进行反演,生成研究区地层的二维(2D)横波速度剖面。研究结果表明改进的相移法能够增强瑞利波信号在频率—速度域中的信噪比,提高频散能量谱的分辨率和频散曲线的准确性。

The phase-shift method is commonly used to extract the Rayleigh wave dispersion curves.However,in the case of a complex wave field,the dispersion spectra calculated using the phase-shift method have a low resolution of Rayleigh wave dispersion energy,reducing the accuracy of the dispersion curves.This study improved the phase-shift method by obtaining the power exponent of the amplitude of each point on the dispersion spectra to improve the convergence and focusing properties of the dispersion energy.The improved phase-shift method was used to process the simulated data of the theoretical stratigraphic model and the actual seismic data of a coalfield in a certain study area.The processing results were compared with the dispersion spectra generated using the conventional phase-shift method.Moreover,the inversion based on dispersion curves of the actual data was conducted to generate a two-dimensional(2D)S-wave velocity section of the study area.As revealed by the study results,the improved phase-shift method can enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of the Rayleigh wave signals in the frequency-velocity domain and improve the resolution of the dispersion energy spectra and the accuracy of the dispersion curves.