石嘴山市近21年生态环境状况遥感监测与评价

Remote sensing monitoring and evaluation of ecological environment in Shizuishan City in recent 21 years

利用EOS/MODIS、Sentinel 2、Landsat 8 OLI的影像数据,计算遥感生态质量指数(RESI),对石嘴山市近21年的生态环境质量进行监测和评价,以期为该区生态环境保护修复提供理论依据。结果表明:1)近21年石嘴山市植被覆盖度总体呈波动中上升趋势,2018年植被覆盖度最高;近21年石嘴山市NPP呈现波动中上升趋势,2020年植被年均净初级生产力为370.0 gC/(m^(2)·a),与近21年平均值相比,增加21.3%,是近21年第二好年;近21年石嘴山市植被生态质量呈波动中上升趋势,尤其是2016年以后,上升更加显著。2)2020年4月中旬沙湖水体及湿地面积年内最大值20.24 km^(2),7月下旬面积为15.09 km^(2),缩减为年度最小值。3)2020年3月石嘴山市中度以上盐渍化土壤面积为107.8 km^(2),较2019年减少32.75 km^(2)。4)2018—2020年,石嘴山市生态质量水平稳步提升,其中生态质量高的区域由2018年的80.3 km^(2)增长到2020年的262.0 km^(2),增长幅度高达226.3%。

Based on EOS/MODIS,Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 OLI image data,this paper calculated the remote sensing ecological Index(RESI)to monitor and evaluate the ecological environmental quality of Shizuishan city in the past 21 years,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the ecological environmental protection and restoration of the area.The results indicate that:(1)In recent 21 years,the vegetation coverage of Shizuishan City showed an increasing trend in the fluctuation,and the highest vegetation coverage was observed in 2018.In the past 21 years,the NPP of Shizuishan City showed an upward trend in fluctuations.In 2020,the average annual net primary productivity of vegetation was 370.0 gC/(m^(2)·a),which increased by 21.3%compared with the average of the past 21 years,and was the second best year in the past 21 years.In recent 21 years,vegetation ecological quality in Shizuishan City showed an upward trend in fluctuation,especially after 2016,the increase was more significant.(2)In the middle of April 2020,the annual maximum area of sand lake water and wetland was 20.24 km^(2),and the area in late July was 15.09 km^(2),which was reduced to the annual minimum.(3)In March 2020,the area of moderately salinized soil in Shizuishan City was 107.8 km^(2),which was 32.75 km^(2) less than that in 2019.(4)From^(2)018 to 2020,the ecological quality level of Shizuishan City has been steadily improved,and the area with high ecological quality has increased from 80.3 km^(2) in 2018 to 262.0 km^(2) in 2020,with an increase rate of 226.3%.