金属橡胶-硅橡胶复合阻尼结构的减振性能

Performance of the composite damping damper structure compose of metal rubber and silicone rubber

基于正弦扫频试验对金属橡胶-硅橡胶(metal rubber/silicone rubber,MR-SR)复合阻尼结构的减振性能深入探究,适用于狭小空间环境下的减振器结构。通过对比不同阻尼结构的材料性能,发现纯金属橡胶阻尼结构具备良好的耗能特性,而MS-SR复合阻尼结构由于金属橡胶层与硅橡胶层之间的摩擦阻尼,具有较低的共振频率;此外,分别对MR-SR复合阻尼结构展开了芯层密度、激振力、以及预紧量的单因素对照试验,发现增加芯层金属橡胶制品的密度或预紧量都会使MR-SR复合阻尼结构抵御变形能力增加,导致共振频率和共振放大因子上升,损耗因子下降,并从微观层面对该现象进行解释。由试验中的刚度软化阻尼增强现象和正反向扫频的弯曲跳跃现象可得,MR-SR复合阻尼结构含有变刚度变阻尼特性和高次非线性刚度特性,为设计具有优异阻尼性能的材料及结构提供了有效的指导。

In the present work,a shock absorber structure suitable for the narrow space was designed,and the vibration reduction characteristics of metal rubber/silicone rubber(MR-SR)composite material was evaluated in depth based on a sine sweep test.Through comparison,it was found that the structures with different components possess unique mechanical properties.Among them,the pure metal rubber damping structure has excellent energy dissipation characteristics,while the MS-SR composite damping structure has a lower resonance frequency due to the interface friction between different materials.In addition,the single-factor control tests(core density,excitation force,and preload)were carried out for the MR-SR composite damping structure.It was found that increasing the density or preload would strengthen the stiffness of the product,resulting in the increase of the resonance frequency and resonance amplification factor,but the decrease of the loss factor.All these conclusions were validated at the microscale.According to the phenomenon of stiffness softening,damping strengthening and bending jump with positive and negative sweep frequency,the composite damping structure was proved to possess variable stiffness and damping characteristics and high order nonlinear stiffness characteristics.This study provides effective guidance for the design of materials and structures with excellent damping properties.