不同采集地猪屎豆营养差异及对黑山羊瘤胃消化的影响

Effects of nutritional differences of Crotalaria pallida collected from different areas on rumen digestion of black goats

本研究针对前期筛选出的12份不含有非营养物质的猪屎豆资源,进行集中栽培,评价其营养参数及在瘤胃内对干物质消化和瘤胃发酵的影响,探讨作为新型蛋白饲料的可行性。栽培试验:选定2块试验田,将12份(T1~T12,3个重复)资源分别种植在选定的36个小区(5 m×6 m),待初花期收割,评价营养组成。动物试验:分别抽取4只山羊的瘤胃液,将其与缓冲液混合,用体外试验方法分别培养各小区样品6 h,测定干物质消化率和瘤胃液发酵参数。试验结果根据生长周期分为三组进行对比分析。结果表明:T1茎叶比值最低,仅为0.18。第一组和第三组的各品种间粗蛋白质含量没有显著差异,第二组中的T4和T8的粗蛋白质含量最高,约为38.5%,显著高于其他品种17%左右(P<0.05)。各品种在经过体外培养后各挥发性脂肪酸组成未见异常,T3和T5在各自分组中表现了优异的干物质消化率。综上,T1(云南玉元)、T3(广西廉江)、T4(海南海口)和T5(海南琼山)采集地品种优势较为明显,具有作为优质猪屎豆资源进一步评价和利用的潜力。

The aims of this study were to evaluate the nutritional parameters and effects of 12 Crotalaria pallida species(cultivated intensively)which had non-nutritive substances on dry matter digestion and rumen fermentation in rumen and to explore the feasibility as a new protein feed.Cultivation experiments:2 experimental fields were prepared and the seeds of 12 crotalaria pallida species(Treatment 1 to Treatment 12,3 repeats)were grown in 36 different plots(5 m×6 m),respectively.Then the Crotalaria pallida plants were harvested at the initial flowering stage for the evaluation of nutrient composition.Animal experiment:Rumen fluid were extracted from 4 black goats and mixed with buffer solution,then the samples from the plots were cultivated in vitro for 6 h to test the dry matter digestibility and the fermentation parameters of rumen fluid.The experimental results were divided into three groups(group 1,group 2 and group 3)according to growth cycle and analysed.It was shown in T1 that the stem-to-leaf ratio was the lowest(0.18).The crude protein content among the 12 treatments that in group 1 and group 3 didn’t exist obvious differences,and the crude protein content of T4 and T8 in group 2 was the higher,significantly higher than the other varieties by about 17%(P<0.05).After in vitro,the composition of volatile fatty acid(VFA)in the 12 treatments was not abnormal,and dry matter digestibility of T3 and T5 in the three groups was higher.In summary,the Crotalaria pallida harvested in T1(Yuyuan,Yunnan province),T3(Lianjiang,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region),T4(Haikou,Hainan Province)and T5(Qiongshan,Hainan Province)had obvious advantages,which had the potential to be evaluated and utilized in the future.