不同播种量毛苕子与燕麦混播对草地生产性能及营养品质的影响

Effects of Mixed Sowing of Vetch and Oat on Production Performance and Nutrient Quality of Grassland

为探究出宁夏干旱区毛苕子(Vicia villosa)与燕麦(Avena sativa)混播的最佳播种量。试验采用单因素随机区组设计,设置五个毛苕子播种量水平(V_(1):33.0 kg·hm^(-2)、V_(2):45.0 kg·hm^(-2)、V_(3):57.0 kg·hm^(-2)、V_(4):69.0 kg·hm^(-2)和V_(5):81.0 kg·hm^(-2))与燕麦(120.0 kg·hm^(-2))混播,毛苕子单播(VD:57.0 kg·hm^(-2))和燕麦单播(OD:180.0 kg·hm^(-2))为对照,研究了混播草地牧草农艺性状、生产性能以及营养价值。结果表明,燕麦株高在V_(2)处理下最高,密度在V_(5)处理下最大;毛苕子株高和密度在V_(4)处理下最大。V_(1),V_(2),V_(3)和V_(5)处理的总干草产量较单播处理不同程度增加,其中V_(2)处理的总干草产量较燕麦、毛苕子单播分别提高了15.75%,63.21%。除V_(4)外其他处理的土地当量比均大于1,表明混播提高了土地利用效率。混播草地较燕麦单播提高了粗蛋白含量和相对饲喂价值,降低了酸性和中性洗涤纤维含量。综合评价显示,排名由高到低为V_(2)>V_(1)>V_(5)>V_(3)>V_(4),因此,建议在宁夏干旱区毛苕子与燕麦混播的最佳播种量为45.0 kg·hm^(-2)。

In order to explore the optimal sowing rate of mixed sowing of Vicia villosa and Avena sativa in arid areas of Ningxia.A single-factor randomized block design was used in the experiment.Five sowing rates of vetch(V_(1):33.0 kg·hm^(-2),V_(2):45.0 kg·hm^(-2),V_(3):57.0 kg·hm^(-2),V_(4):69.0 kg·hm^(-2) and V_(5):81.0 kg·hm^(-2)) were mixed with oat(120.0 kg·hm^(-2)),and vetch monoculture(VD:57.0 kg·hm^(-2)) and oat monoculture(OD:180.0 kg·hm^(-2)) were used as control.The agronomic traits,production performance,and nutritional value of forage in mixed grassland were studied.The results showed that the plant height of the oat was the highest under the V_(2) treatment,and the density was the highest under the V_(5) treatment.The plant height and density of vetch were the highest under the V_(4) treatment.The total hay yields of V_(1),V_(2),V_(3,) and V_(5)treatments were increased to varying degrees compared with those of monoculture,and the total hay yields of V_(2) treatment were increased by 15.75% and 63.21% compared with those of oat and vetch monoculture,respectively.The land equivalent ratios of other treatments except V_(4) were greater than 1,indicating that mixed sowing improved land use efficiency.Compared with oat monoculture,mixed grassland increased crude protein content and relative feeding value,and decreased acid and neutral detergent fiber content.The comprehensive evaluation showed that the order from high to low was V_(2)>V_(1)>V_(5)>V_(3)>V_(4).Therefore,it is suggested that the best sowing rate of mixed sowing of vetch and oat in arid areas of Ningxia is 45.0 kg·hm^(-2).