不同砧木对克瑞森无核葡萄叶片特性的影响

Effects of Different Rootstocks on Leaf Characteristics of Crimson Seedless Grape

【目的】比较分析6种不同砧木对克瑞森无核葡萄叶片外观性状、叶绿素含量及叶片组织结构的影响,为筛选出有利于克瑞森无核葡萄叶片发育的砧木提供理论依据。【方法】以5BB、101-14MG、110R、5C、SO4、贝达6种砧木嫁接的克瑞森无核葡萄为试材,以克瑞森无核本砧嫁接苗及其自根苗为双对照,测定叶片、叶柄、叶绿素含量及叶片表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度等叶片组织结构。【结果】6种砧木与克瑞森无核葡萄嫁接对其叶片特性、叶绿素含量及叶片组织结构均会产生影响。其中砧木5BB嫁接的克瑞森无核葡萄叶长(145.92 mm)、叶宽(202.35 mm)、叶面积(145.69 mm^(2))较自根苗分别高17.02%、21.69%和33.07%,较克瑞森无核本砧嫁接苗分别高15.22%、21.36%和33.12%,砧木5BB嫁接克瑞森无核可显著提高叶片质量。克瑞森无核嫁接5BB在叶柄长(124.59 mm)、叶柄宽(3.95 mm)、叶柄厚(3.60 mm)表现最优,显著高于其他处理,克瑞森无核嫁接5BB有利于叶柄的发育。砧木101-14MG与克瑞森无核嫁接叶绿素含量最高(42.50),比克瑞森无核本砧嫁接苗(35.58)高19.45%,但比自根苗(44.53)低4.78%;不同砧木与克瑞森无核嫁接对叶片组织结构影响不同,其中以砧木110R嫁接的克瑞森无核葡萄叶片厚度(207.80μm)、下表皮厚度(21.48μm)、栅栏组织厚度(55.94μm)、海绵组织厚度(109.75μm)显著高于其他砧穗组合,相比对照组有明显提升,叶片组织结构最好。【结论】在6个砧木中以5BB嫁接克瑞森无核叶片和叶柄外观性状最优,砧木101-14MG与克瑞森无核嫁接叶绿素含量最高,砧木110R嫁接的克瑞森无核叶片组织结构表现最佳,砧木5BB、101-14MG、110R是较有利于克瑞森无核叶片生长发育的优良砧木。

【Objective】To compare and analyze the effects of 6 diffterent rootstocks on leaf appearancetraits,chlorophyll content and leaf tissue structure of Crimson seedless grapes in the hope of providing a theorelical basis for screening out rootstocks that are more conducive to leaf development of the grapes.【Method】The Crimson seedless grape grafted with 6 rootstocks of 5BB,101-14MG,110R,5C,SO4,and Betta were used as the test materials,and its grafted root seedlings and their own root seedlings were used as double controls for the study.Furthermore,the leaves,petioles,The chlorophyll content and leaf skin thickness,palisade tissue thickness,sponge tissue thickness and other leaf tissue structures were measured.【Results】Grafting of 6 rootstocks with Crimson seedless grapes affected their leaf characteristics,chlorophyll content and leaf tissue structure.Among them,the leaf length(145.92 mm),leaf width(202.35 mm)and leaf area(145.69 mm^(2))of the Crimson seedless grape grafted with rootstock 5BB were 17.02%,21.69%and 33.07%higher than those of Crimson seedlings,respectively.The seedlings grafted with nuclear rootstock were 15.22%,21.36%and 33.12%higher,respectively.The 5BB rootstock grafted with Crimson seedless could significantly improve the leaf quality.Crimson seedless grafted with 5BB performed best in petiole length(124.59 mm),petiole width(3.95 mm),and petiole thickness(3.60 mm),which was significantly higher than those of other treatments,indicating that 5BB was beneficial to petioles development.Rootstock 101-14MG and Crimson seedless grafted seedlings had the highest chlorophyll content(42.50),which was 19.45%higher than that of Crimson seedless grafted seedlings(35.58),but 4.78%lower than that of the self-rooted seedlings(44.53);different rootstocks and Crimson seedless grafting had different effects on the leaf tissue structure.Among them,the thickness of the leaf tissue of the Crimson seedless grape grafted with the rootstock 110R(207.80μm),the thickness of the epidermis(21.48μm),the thickness of the fence tissue(55.94μm),and the thickness of the sponge tissue(109.75μm)were significantly higher than those of other stocks and stock combinations.Compared with the control group,it was significantly improved,and the leaf tissue structure was the best.【Conclusion】Based on various indicators,among the 6 rootstocks,5BB grafted Crimson seedless leaves and petioles have the best appearance traits.Rootstock 101-14MG and grafted Crimson seedless have the highest chlorophyll content.Rootstock 110R grafted Crimson seedless leaf tissue structure is the best,so rootstocks 5BB,101-14MG,and 110R are excellent rootstocks that might be more conducive to the growth and development of Crimson seedless leaves.