氮磷配施对灰枣光合荧光特性的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Adhibition on Photosynthetic Fluorescence Characteristics of Jujube

【目的】研究不同氮磷配施对灰枣光合荧光特性的影响,为红枣产业施肥管理提供相关理论指导。【方法】以2020年阿拉尔市十三团七连4年生灰枣为研究对象,采用两因素完全随机区组试验设计,设置10个施肥处理,分析不同肥料处理对光合荧光的影响差异。【结果】与对照N_(0)P_(0)(不施氮磷肥)处理相比,各肥料处理下灰枣叶片Fm、Fo、qP、Fv/Fm、Y(II)、光合速率和水分利用率均有所增加,最高增加了50%,且胞间CO_(2)浓度和蒸发速率也明显降低;N_(1)P_(3)(N施用202.5 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(2)施用540 kg/hm^(2))与N_(2)P_(3)(N施用405 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(2)施用540 kg/hm^(2))处理更有利于红枣叶片净光合速率和水分利用率的提高;N_(1)P_(3)(N施用202.5 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(2)施用540 kg/hm^(2))、N_(2)P_(2)(N施用405 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(2)施用375 kg/hm^(2))与N_(2)P_(3)(N施用405 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(2)施用540 kg/hm^(2))处理能够有效降低灰枣叶片的蒸腾速率;N_(1)P_(2)(N施用202.5 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(2)施用375 kg/hm^(2))和N_(2)P_(2)(N施用405 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(2)施用375 kg/hm^(2))处理在降低胞间CO_(2)浓度方面表现较优。【结论】N_(2)P_(3)(N施用405 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(2)施用540 kg/hm^(2))处理组合下有利于提高红枣叶片光合速率。

【Objective】The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus on the photosynthetic fluorescence of Jujube in the hope of providing theoretical guidance for industrial fertilization management of jujube.【Methods】In this study,seven consecutive 4-year jujube from the 13th Regiment of Alar City was taken as the research object in 2020.A two-factor completely random block experiment design was adopted to set up 10 fertilization treatments to analyze the difference of the influence of different fertilizer treatments on photosynthetic fluorescence.【Results】Compared with the control N_(0)P_(0)(No nitrogen and phosphate were applied)treatment,Fm,Fo,Qp,Fv/Fm,Y(II),photosynthetic rate and water utilization ratio of jujube leaves were increased and intercellular CO_(2) concentration and evaporation rate were also significantly decreased under each fertilizer treatment.N_(1)P_(3)(202.5 kg/hm^(2) for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm^(2) for phosphorus pentoxide)and N_(2)P_(3)(405 kg/hm^(2) for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm^(2) for phosphorus pentoxide)treatments were more beneficial to the improvement of net photosynthetic rate and water utilization ratio of jujube leaves.N_(1)P_(3)(202.5 kg/hm^(2) for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm^(2) for phosphorus pentoxide),N_(2)P_(2)(405 kg/hm^(2) for pure nitrogen and 375 kg/hm^(2) for phosphorus pentoxide)and N_(2)P_(3)(405 kg/hm^(2) for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm^(2) for phosphorus pentoxide)treatments could effectively reduce the transpiration rate of jujube leaves.N_(1)P_(2)(202.5 kg/hm^(2) for pure nitrogen and 375 kg/hm^(2) for phosphorus pentoxide)and N_(2)P_(2)(405 kg/hm^(2) for pure nitrogen and 375 kg/hm^(2) for phosphorus pentoxide)treatments showed better performance in reducing intercellular CO_(2) concentration.【Conclusion】Based on the different effects on photosynthetic fluorescence,the combination of N_(2)P_(3)(405 kg/hm^(2) for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm^(2) for phosphorus pentoxide)nitrogen and phosphorus was more beneficial to improve the photosynthetic rate of jujube leaves.