老年人降压过程中血压变异性的临床研究进展

Clinical research progress of blood pressure variability in the elderly during hypotension

随着年龄的增加和慢性疾病的进展,不同类型的血压变异性在一定程度上增加了冠状动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、脑卒中、心力衰竭和心房颤动的发生率,这种血压变异性在老年高血压患者降压过程中常表现为直立性低血压、餐后低血压、清晨高血压、直立性高血压,临床上及时识别和有效控制老年人血压波动,将有利于进一步加强老年人个体化精准防控,降低心脑血管事件和死亡风险,对心脑血管疾病的治疗和预防具有重要意义。现就老年人降压过程中BPV的临床表现、评估方式、靶器官损害及相关药物治疗等研究进展作一综述。

With the increase of age and the progress of chronic diseases, different types of blood pressure variability have increased the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure and atrial fibrillation to a certain extent. This blood pressure variability is often manifested as orthostatic hypotension, postprandial hypotension, early morning hypertension and orthostatic hypertension in the process of hypertension reduction in elderly hypertensive patients, In clinical practice, timely identification and effective control of blood pressure fluctuations in the elderly will help further strengthen the individualized and accurate prevention and control of the elderly, reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and death, and is of great significance for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This article reviews the clinical manifestations, evaluation methods, target organ damage and related drug treatment of BPV in the elderly during hypotension.