政策、管理与实施:斯坦福大学学生参与大学治理的经验与启示

Policy, Management and Implementation:Students’ Participation in University Governance at Stanford University and Its Implications

学生参与大学治理是近年来世界高等教育发展的一个重要趋势,学生的参与对大学治理成效的提升具有重要作用。斯坦福大学作为世界一流大学,其学生参与大学治理的经验无疑对我国大学治理具有启示意义:斯坦福大学在《行政指南》《斯坦福公告》、学生评价制度等政策文件中制定了学生参与大学治理的相关规定,为学生参与提供合法性依据;斯坦福大学学生联合会、学生参与办公室、志愿学生组织等学生组织团体构成了学生参与大学治理的主要组织形式,保障学生的有效参与;斯坦福大学实施赋予学生组织以自治的权利、给予学生组织独立的物质资金保障、实现学生参与路径的多样性、提供适度的参与内容与范围的策略,促进大学管理的高效运行。基于斯坦福大学的经验,结合我国大学治理实际,启示我们可以通过完善学生参与的制度规范、优化大学内部治理的权力结构、拓展学生参与的范围与途径等措施,继续优化提升我国学生参与大学治理的实践成效。

Students’ participation in university governance is an important trend in the development of higher education in the world in recent years. Students’ participation plays an important role in improving the effectiveness of university governance. As a world-class university, experience of students’ participation in university governance at Stanford University is undoubtedly of enlightening significance to university governance in China. Stanford University has formulated relevant provisions on students’ participation in university governance in policy documents such as “Administrative Guide”, “Stanford Bulletin” and student evaluation system, so as to provide legal basis for students’ participation;student organizations such as ASSU, OSE and voluntary student organization constitute the main organizational forms of students’ participation in university governance to ensure students’ effective participation;Stanford University implements the strategy of giving student organizations the right of autonomy, giving student organizations independent material and financial guarantee, realizing the diversified paths for students’ participation, and providing appropriate participation content and scope, so as to promote the efficient operation of university management. Based on the experience of Stanford University and combined with the actual situation of university governance in China, we can continue to optimize and improve the practical effectiveness of students’ participation in university governance in China by improving the institutional norms of students’ participation, optimizing the power structure of internal governance and expanding the scope and ways of students’ participation in university governance.