河西魏晋十六国壁画墓农作图所见农具研究

Farming Tools in Mural Paintings of Tombs of the Sixteen Kingdoms in the West of the Yellow River in Wei and Jin Dynasties

20世纪40年代以来,在河西地区发现了数千座魏晋十六国时期的壁画墓。在这些壁画墓中出土了大量的农作类图像的壁画砖,经笔者统计大约有143块。主要分布于高台、嘉峪关、敦煌地区,金昌、玉门等地也有零星发现。本文就农作图所见的农具进行相关探讨,分析其功能形制,从而了解当时河西地区农业生产的状况和耕种技术,反映出河西民众的日常耕作生活。

Since the 1940s,thousands of tombs with murals from the periods of Sixteen Kingdoms in Wei and Jin Dynasties have been discovered in the west of the Yellow River.A large number of mural bricks with agricultural images were unearthed in these mural tombs.According to the statistics,there are 143 bricks,which were mainly distributed in Gaotai,Jiayuguan,Dunhuang areas,and few in Jinchang,Yumen and other places.This paper discusses the agricultural tools seen in the agricultural map,analyzing their function and shape,so as to understand the agricultural production and farming techniques in the west of the Yellow River at that time which would reflect people's daily farming life.