新疆野生中国美味蘑菇的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of Wild Agaricus sinodeliciosus in Xinjiang

【目的】研究新疆野生中国美味蘑菇菌株的遗传多样性和遗传分化特征,为丰富和开发中国美味蘑菇种质资源及新品种选育提供基础材料和科学依据。【方法】利用生物学和ISSR标记技术对20个野生中国美味蘑菇菌株分析遗传多样性。【结果】中国美味蘑菇各菌株的菌落形态、菌丝长势等方面存在明显差异。16条ISSR引物共扩增出206条清晰的DNA条带,多态性条带176条,多态比率为83.50%。各菌株间遗传相似系数范围在0.60~0.91,遗传相似系数为0.80时,可将20个供试菌株分为8个类群。【结论】新疆野生中国美味蘑菇菌株已开始发生遗传分化,并具有丰富的遗传多样性,具有较好的驯化育种潜力。

【Objective】To study the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation characteristics of Wild Agaricus sinodeliciosus in Xinjiang in the hope of providing basic materials and scientific basis for enriching and developing the germplasm resources of Agaricus sinodeliciosus and the breeding of new varieties.【Methods】Traditional biological method and ISSR marker technology were used to carry out the genetic diversity analysis on 20 wild Agaricus sinodeliciosus strains.【Results】In the mycelia culture characteristics,there were significant differences in many aspects including colony morphology and mycelium growth.16 ISSR primers amplified a total of 206 clear DNA bands,including 176 polymorphic bands with a polymorphism ratio of 83.50%.The results of cluster analysis showed that the genetic similarity coefficient of each strain ranged from 0.60 to 0.91,and the 20 tested strains were divided into 8 groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.80.【Conclusion】The natural populations of wild Agaricus sinodeliciosus in Xinjiang has the occurrence of genetic differentiation with relatively rich genetic diversity and good domestication breeding potential.