90 cm高度障碍马前肢运动模型的建立与分析

Establishment and Analysis of the 90 cm Forelimb Motion Model of Obstacle Horse

【目的】测定障碍赛马90 cm高度越障轨迹数据,建立各关节越障运动规律,筛选高斯或多项式最优拟合模型,为障碍赛马性能测定体系建设提供理论支持。【方法】使用高速摄像机收集视频材料,运用MATLAB软件中Curve Fitting tool工具包,采用二、三、四、五阶多项式函数模型和二、三、四、五阶高斯函数模型拟合越障轨迹并对比拟合结果。【结果】肩胛越障时运动规律中高斯函数模型的拟合度极显著优于多项式函数模型(P<0.01);前蹄的越障时运动规律中三阶高斯函数模型极显著优于三阶多项式函数模型(P<0.01);前球节的越障时运动规律中四、五阶高斯函数模型的拟合度极显著优于二、三阶高斯函数模型(P<0.01);肩关节,腕关节的越障时运动规律中多项式函数模型的拟合度显著优于高斯函数模型(P<0.05);肘关节的越障时运动规律与四、五阶多项式函数模型的拟合度极显著优于二、三阶多项式函数模型(P<0.01)。【结论】肩胛、前蹄、前球节的越障运动轨迹更接近“倒钟”型,左右对称。肩关节、腕关节、肘关节的越障运动轨迹左右不对称,曲线平滑。

【Objective】The obstacle crossing trajectory data at the height of 90cm of steeplecstatics was measured to establish the law of obstacle crossing motion of each joint,and the gaussian or polynomial optimal fitting model was screened to provide theoretical support for the construction of obstacle racing performance measurement system.【Method】High speed camera was used to collect video materials,and Curve Fitting tool kit in MATLAB was used to fit the obstacle trajectory and match the results with the second,third,fourth and fifth order polynomial function model and the second,third,fourth and fifth order Gaussian function model.【Results】The fitting degree between the motion law and gaussian function model is significantly better than that of polynomial function model(P<0.01).The motion law and the third-order Gaussian function model of the front hoofs are significantly better than the third-order polynomial function model(P<0.01).The fitting degree of the motion law of the front spherical joint with the fourth-and fifth-order Gaussian function model is significantly better than that of the second-and third-order Gaussian function model(P<0.01).The fitting degree of motion law and polynomial function model of shoulder joint and wrist joint was significantly better than that of Gaussian function model(P<0.05).The fitting degree of the elbow joint motion law and the fourth and fifth order polynomial function model is significantly better than that of the second and third order polynomial function model(P<0.01).【Conclusion】It is suitable to fit gaussian function model for the law of obstacle crossing movement of scapula,fore hoof and fore Fetlock joint.The obstacle breaking motion law of shoulder,wrist and elbow is suitable to fit the polynomial function model.The related reference indexes of obstacle racing performance measurement.