芳香疗法对成人烧伤病人疼痛程度、焦虑情绪和睡眠状态影响的Meta分析

Effects of aromatherapy on pain,anxiety and sleep status in adult burn patients:a Meta-analysis

目的:评价芳香疗法对成人烧伤病人疼痛、焦虑和睡眠的干预效果。方法:检索从建库至2020年9月30日PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库、维普等数据库中有关芳香疗法在成人烧伤病人中应用效果的随机对照研究,由2名研究者严格按照纳入和独立进行文献筛选、资料提取并评价纳入文献的偏移风险,采用RevMan 5.3统计软件进行Meta分析。结果:纳入7项研究进行Meta分析,结果显示,吸入性芳香疗法对缓解成人烧伤病人的疼痛程度[MD=-1.15,95%CI(-1.51,-0.78),P<0.001]和焦虑情绪[MD=-7.32,95%CI(-9.11,-5.54),P<0.001]有明显作用,而对睡眠状态无明显改善作用[MD=-1.47,95%CI(-3.01,0.07),P=0.06],与常规治疗和护理相比,吸入性芳香疗法和按摩式芳香疗法相结合的方式对烧伤病人疼痛和焦虑的作用效果优于单纯芳香疗法,在常规治疗或护理的基础上额外增加一定时间的放松疗法,对烧伤病人疼痛和焦虑的积极作用要优于单纯芳香疗法。结论:现有证据表明,芳香疗法作为一种补充替代治疗方法,可有效改善成人烧伤病人的疼痛和焦虑情绪。

Objective:To evaluate the intervention effect of aromatherapy on pain,anxiety and sleep in adult burn patients.Methods:From inception to September 30,2020,randomized controlled studies on the effects of aromatherapy in adult burn patients were searched from PubMed,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,WanFang Database and VIP.Two researchers independently performed literature screening,data extraction and evaluation of bias risk of the included study in strict accordance with the inclusion.Results:Seven studies were included for Meta-analysis,the results showed that inhaled aromatherapy could relieve the pain of adult burn patients[MD=-1.15,95%CI(-1.51,-0.78),P<0.001] and anxiety[MD=-7.32,95%CI(-9.11,-5.54),P<0.001].However,there was no significant improvement on sleep state [MD=-1.47,95%CI(-3.01,0.07),P=0.06].Compared with conventional treatment and nursing,the effect of the combination of inhalation aromatherapy and massage aromatherapy on the pain and anxiety of burn patients is better than that of simple aromatherapy.In addition to conventional treatment or nursing care,additional relaxation therapy for a certain period of time had a positive effect on pain and anxiety of burn patients,which was better than simple aromatherapy.Conclusions:Current evidence shows that aromatherapy,as a complementary alternative therapy,can effectively improve pain and anxiety of adult burn patients.