需求波动下多目标多周期内陆港动态布局优化

Multi-objective and multi-period dynamic layout optimization of inland ports under demand fluctuation

在绿色低碳运输背景下,针对固定容量的内陆港布局无法兼顾在较长规划期内需求波动的问题,以系统总成本、碳排放量和客户满意度最优为目标,加入容量等级选择决策,建立多目标多周期内陆港动态布局优化模型。根据需求波动确定内陆港在不同周期的新建、关闭、再建以及容量调整方案,并对需求点进行路径分配。设计带有双层编码方案和由最近邻思想改进的带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm,NSGAⅡ)求解模型。东北地区的内陆港布局优化结果显示,与单周期布局相比,多周期动态布局能根据需求波动进行动态调整,这有利于降低系统总成本,减少碳排放量,提升客户满意度,提高内陆港利用率,为需求波动下多目标多周期内陆港动态布局优化提供参考。

Under the background of green and low-carbon transportation,in order to solve the problem that the inland port layout with fixed capacity can not take into account the demand fluctuation in a long planning period,a multi-objective and multi-period dynamic layout optimization model of inland ports is established with the optimal total system cost,the carbon emission and the customer satisfaction as the objectives and introducing the decision of capacity level selection.According to the demand fluctuation,the new construction,closure,reconstruction and capacity adjustment schemes of inland ports in different periods are determined,and the routes of demand points are allocated.The elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGAⅡ)is improved by the two-layer coding scheme and the nearest neighbor idea to solve the model.The optimization results of the layout of inland ports in the Northeast China show that,compared with the single-period layout,the multi-period dynamic layout can dynamically adjust to changes in demand,which helps to reduce the total system cost and the carbon emission,and improve the customer satisfaction and the inland port utilization,providing reference for the multi-objective and multi-period dynamic layout optimization of inland ports under demand fluctuation.