胆囊癌相关危险因素的研究进展

Research progress of risk factors related to gallbladder carcinoma

胆囊癌(Gallbladder carcinoma,GBC)是最常见的胆道恶性肿瘤,也是最致命的恶性肿瘤之一,是第6常见的胃肠道恶性肿瘤,其特点是进展迅速,死亡率极高,多数患者确诊时已发展为晚期。因而早期识别其发病危险因素,积极干预处理,是提高其早期诊断率和改善其预后的关键。GBC发病与其流行病学因素、胆囊结石、胰胆管连接不良、胆囊增生性疾病、瓷化胆囊、原发性硬化性胆管炎、感染、化学因素、饮食与生活习惯因素密切相关。本文结合近年来国内外相关研究,对GBC发病相关危险因素进行综述,总结GBC发病相关危险因素的最新研究进展,旨在为GBC的预防和早期诊断提供临床依据。

Gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)is the most common malignant tumor of biliary tract and one of the most lethal malignant tumors. It is the sixth common malignant tumor of gastrointestinal tractcharacterized by rapid progress and high mortality. Most patients have developed into advanced stage when diagnosed. Therefore,early identification of risk factors and active intervention are the key to improve the early diagnosis rate and prognosis. GBC was closely related to its epidemiological factors,gallstones,poor pancreaticobiliary connection,gallbladder proliferative diseases,vitrified gallbladder,primary sclerosing cholangitis,infection,chemical factors,diet and lifestyle factors. This article reviews the risk factors of GBC based on the relevant research literature at home and abroad in recent years. This article summarizes the latest research progress of risk factors related to GBC,in order to provide clinical basis for the prevention and early diagnosis of GBC.