超声引导下肋间神经前皮支阻滞的临床应用研究进展

Research progress of ultrasound-guided anterior cutaneous branch block of intercostal nerve

超声引导下筋膜组织间隙神经阻滞是近年发展起来的阻滞技术,具有操作可视化、阻滞效果确切等优点。肋间神经前皮支是由肋间神经在近胸骨处移行而来,支配胸骨及前胸壁皮肤的感觉。超声引导肋间神经前皮支阻滞包括胸横肌平面阻滞和胸骨旁神经阻滞,能为乳腺切除、胸骨切开、心脏等涉及前胸壁手术提供良好的镇痛效果。现就超声引导肋间神经前皮支阻滞的解剖学、操作方法、药物选择及围术期的临床应用进展进行综述,旨在为临床应用提供参考。

Ultrasound-guided fascial interstitial nerve block is a block technique developed in recent years,which has the advantages of visualization of operation and precise block effect. The anterior cutaneous branch of the intercostal nerve is derived from the intercostal nerve near the sternum and innervates the sensation of the skin of the sternum and the front chest wall. Ultrasound-guided anterior skin branch block of intercostal nerve,including transverse pectoralis plane block and parasternal nerve block,can provide good analgesic effects for mastectomy,sternotomy,and cardiac surgery involving the anterior chest wall. This article reviews the anatomy,operation methods,drug selection and perioperative clinical application of ultrasound-guided anterior cutaneous branch block of intercostal nerve in order to provide reference for clinical application.