大型飞机增升装置噪声特性风洞试验

Wind tunnel experimental study of noise characteristics of large aircraft high-lift devices

增升装置是大型飞机的主要噪声源之一,而大型飞机外部噪声是影响其适航取证的重要方面,因此开展其噪声分析与控制具有重要意义。基于5.5 m×4.0 m大型航空声学风洞与配套的大型飞机气动噪声试验全机模型,进行了大型飞机增升装置噪声风洞试验研究。首先,对试验平台、试验模型与测试系统等进行了介绍。进而,基于试验测试结果,分析了增升装置噪声特性,对比了模型迎角、风速对噪声特性的影响情况,并进一步分析了噪声传播方向特性。结果表明,增升装置噪声以宽频噪声为主,并可能叠加少量峰值噪声成份;随着迎角增加,中高频模型噪声总体上呈增加趋势,且迎角的影响程度随风速而发生变化;随着风速增加,模型噪声明显增加,同时频谱特性保持良好的相似性;无论是在横侧面还是飞越面,噪声传播均具有一定的方向性。

The exterior noise of large aircrafts is an important aspect for the airworthiness certification.The high-lift device is one of the key noise sources for large aircrafts,thus the analysis and reduction of high-lift device noise is important and meaningful.Based on the 5.5 m×4.0 m Aeroacoustic Wind Tunnel and a full model for the aeroacoustic study of large scale aircrafts,the high-lift device noise properties were studied experimentally.First,the experimental platform,the test model and the test system were introduced.Then,based on the experimental results,the noise characteristics of the high-lift devices were analyzed.The effects on the noise from the angle of attack and the wind speed were compared,and the directivity properties of the noise propagation were investigated.The results show that,the high-lift device noise has a broad frequency spectra,with some peak frequency components.As the angle of attack is increased,the noise of the model is generally increased in the medium to high frequency range,and the effect of angle of attack varies with the wind speed.With the wind speed increased,the noise is increased dramatically,and the frequency spectra keep a good similarity.In both the lateral and vertical sections,the high-lift device noise propagation shows some directivity characteristics.