东汉石刻所载四川地区外籍官员迁转途径考析

On the Transfer Ways of Foreign Officials in Sichuan Contained in Stone Carvings of the Eastern Han Dynasty

由于汉代特殊的选官制度“察举”“征辟”和为官迁任的“三互法”,来川做官迁转的外省籍官员不胜枚举。这些外省籍官员在四川进行的各项活动留下了丰富的遗迹遗存和文献记载,对现四川地区的发展面貌有着深刻影响。他们的活动轨迹,有的在碑刻兴盛的东汉时期被以刻石记录的方式保存了下来;有的现在已经亡佚,只见于金石学家的考订著述中。东汉时期迁转到四川地区的官员,是通过什么样的任官方式来川的?他们入川为官又需要哪些条件?因此四川各地出土或传世的记功碑中对官员生平事迹的描述,就成为考察官员迁转途径的重要资料。该文就现存可考的东汉石刻材料和文献记载,初步分析现四川地区各郡县官员迁转来川的途径,以供学界同仁参考借鉴。

Due to the special official selection system of the Han Dynasty,namely"procuratorial examination","conscription"and"three mutual methods"for official transfer,there were numerous officials from other provinces who came to Sichuan to do official transfer.These officials from other provinces have left abundant relics and literature records in their activities in Sichuan,which have a profound impact on the development of Sichuan.Some of their activities were preserved by means of stone inscriptions during the Eastern Han Dynasty,when inscriptions were flourishing.Some of them are now lost and can only be found in the textual research and writings of the epigraphy scholars.In the Eastern Han Dynasty,how did officials who moved to Sichuan come to Sichuan?What conditions do they need to become officials in Sichuan?Therefore,the descriptions of officials'life stories in the memorial tablets unearthed or handed down in Sichuan have become important materials for investigating the ways of officials'migration.Based on the extant stone carving materials and literature records of the Eastern Han Dynasty,this paper makes a preliminary analysis of the ways in which officials from counties in Sichuan moved to Sichuan for reference.