一种高精度超声波定位系统设计与实现

Design and realization of a high⁃precision ultrasonic positioning system

目前,国内的超声波室内定位系统只能在特定方向上测距,且存在较大的定位误差。为解决这个问题,文中分析了超声波定位的流程及特点,设计了一种反射锥结构,该结构有效地扩大了超声波的收发角度。在此基础上,提出了温度补偿方案,进一步减小了测距误差。另外,提出了改进的加权多维标度定位算法,该算法性能稳定,定位精度高。实验结果表明,该系统在超声波有效范围内将定位误差降低了4 cm,定位精度高于其他同类算法。

At present,the domestic ultrasonic indoor positioning system can only measure distance in a specific direction,and there is a large positioning error.In order to solve this problem,the ultrasonic positioning process and its characteristics are analyzed,and a reflection cone structure is designed,which effectively expands the ultrasonic transmission and reception angle.On this basis,a temperature compensation scheme is proposed to further reduce the ranging error.In addition,an improved weighted multi-dimensional scaling positioning algorithm is proposed,which has stable performance and high positioning accuracy.Experimental results show that this system reduces the positioning error by 4cm within the effective range of ultrasound,and the positioning accuracy is higher than other similar algorithms.