NbS在促进中国陆地生态修复工程固碳增汇中的应用

Application of NbS in Terrestrial Ecological Restoration Project to Promote Carbon Sequestration and Sink in China

生态修复是实现“双碳”目标的重要抓手之一,中国生态修复在固碳增汇方面取得了良好成效,但仍然存在修复成效难以最大化、修复措施选择缺乏针对性、修复工程资金来源较为单一等问题。基于自然的解决方案(Nature-based Solutions,NbS)理念在应对气候变化领域已经得到广泛应用,主要路径是对生态系统的保护、修复和可持续管理以吸收更多的二氧化碳。然而NbS理念在中国生态修复固碳增汇工作中依然存在系统性不强、过度工程化、资金来源单一、碳通量监测能力薄弱等问题。为了提升我国生态修复的固碳增汇效益,本文提出将NbS理念融入生态修复固碳增汇工作,工程设计注重生态修复工程规划设计时的系统性思维,建立多部门合作;技术体系方面构建基于自然的生态修复技术体系,减少修复过程中的碳排放;监测管理方面建立健全监测体系,开展适应性管理和验收后的持续监测;资金募集方面拓宽资金保障渠道,建立相应的多元化、灵活的资金投入机制。

Ecological restoration is one of the important means to achieve the goal of“carbon peak and carbon neutralization”.China’s ecological restoration has achieved good results in carbon sequestration and sink.But there are still problems such as difficulties in maximizing the restoration effect,lack of pertinence in the selection of restoration measures,and the single source of funds.Nature-based Solutions(NbS)have been widely used in tackling climate change.The main pathways of carbon sequestration are the protection,restoration,and sustainable management of the ecosystem.However,in terms of NbS,there are still problems in terrestrial ecological restoration,such as weak systematicness,over-engineered,limited sources of funds,and weak carbon flux monitoring capability.In order to improve the benefits of carbon sequestration and sink of ecological restoration,this paper proposes to integrate NbS into the terrestrial ecological restoration project.In terms of planning and design,systemic thinking should be considered in the planning and design of ecological restoration projects,and multidisciplinary cooperation should be established.In terms of the technical system,a nature-based ecological restoration technology system should be built to reduce carbon emissions in the process of construction.In terms of monitoring and management,the monitoring system should be established and improved.Adaptive management and continuous monitoring after acceptance should be carried out.In terms of fund raising,sources of the fund need to be broadened,and a diversified and flexible fund input mechanism should be established accordingly.