开窍中药在神经病理性疼痛治疗中的作用研究进展

Research progress on mechanism of Chinese Kaiqiao herbs in management of neuropathic pain

临床应用上千年的开窍中药龙脑、麝香、石菖蒲、苏合香、樟脑的主要成分是脂环化合物,可用于治疗神经病理性疼痛。开窍中药的镇痛作用机制包括调控γ-氨基丁酸、N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸等受体的表达,调节离子通道功能,抑制炎症反应、氧化应激、细胞凋亡,调控神经传递和神经元兴奋性,参与神经保护和神经功能修复等。未来可以从深入探索开窍中药在中枢系统镇痛中的作用机制、高质量快速筛选药物作用靶点、利用开窍中药特性研发靶向制剂等方面进行拓展。本文综述了上述传统开窍中药治疗神经病理性疼痛的机制研究进展,并提出了一些拓展研究的方向。

The Chinese herbal medicine for Kaiqiao,such as borneol,musk,grassleaf sweetflag rhizome,storax and camphor,have been prescribed in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years and now are widely used for neuropathic pain,the main components of which are annular compounds.Studies have shown that their analgesic mechanisms include regulating the expression ofγ-aminobutyric acid,Nmethyl-D-aspartic acid and other receptors;regulating ion channel function;inhibiting inflammatory response,oxidative stress and apoptosis;regulating neurotransmission and neuronal excitability;and participating in neuroprotection and neurological repair.It is suggested that the mechanisms of action of Kaiqiao herbs in central nervous system analgesia should be further explored;high-quality rapid screening of drug targets may be used,and the targeted agents using the characteristics of Kaiqiao herbs would be developed.This article reviews the research progress on the effect mechanism of traditional Kaiqiao herbs in the treatment of neuropathic pain to provide further research directions.