平台经济背景下反垄断分析框架的继承与发展——以美国反垄断学派的演变为分析视角

The Inheritance and Development of Antitrust Analytical Framework in the Context of Platform Economy:From the perspective of the Evolution of the US School of Antitrust Law

本文对美国反垄断学派的历史演变,特别是新布兰代斯学派产生的历史背景、分析框架、主要观点进行了分析、评价,指出平台经济放大原有的芝加哥学派以价格为中心的反垄断分析框架所固有的缺陷,而美国新布兰代斯学派所提出的保护竞争标准缺乏反垄断执法的确定性。不同于美国平台反垄断执法不足的实践状况,我国平台经济面对反垄断执法标准模糊化的同时,又面对着单一以价格为中心分析框架无法遏制平台经济的反竞争行为的问题,因此,应合理借鉴美国反垄断学派的观点,在继续原有的价格中心主义分析框架的基础上,弥补其固有的缺陷,结合数字经济下动态竞争的不确定性对相关分析方法予以适当调整。为此,本文对照我国最近修订的反垄断法及相关配套制度,就我国如何在平台经济背景下继承与发展价格中心分析框架提出初步思考。

This thesis analyzes and evaluates the historical evolution of the US antitrust school,especially the historical background,main views,and analytical framework of the Neo-Brandeisian antitrust School,and points out that the platform economy amplifies the defects inherent in the original Chicago School’s price-centered antitrust analytical framework,while the standards for protecting competition proposed by the Neo-Brandeisian antitrust School lack certainty of antitrust enforcement.Different from the practical situation of insufficient platform antitrust enforcement in the U.S.,China’s platform economy faces the problem of the ambiguity of standard concerning antitrust enforcement and the problem that a single price-centered analytical framework cannot curb the anticompetitive behavior at the same time..Therefore,the views of the U.S.antitrust school should be referenced reasonably.As continuing the original price-centered analytical framework,we should make up for its inherent defects.Taking into account the uncertainty of dynamic competition in digital economy,relavent analytical methods should be properly adjusted.To this end,this paper presents preliminary thoughts on how to inherit and develop the price-centric analysis framework in China in the context of the platform economy in light of China’s newly revised Antitrust law and related supporting regulations promulgated recently.