宜昌市旅游景区地质灾害发育规律及风险管控对策

Development Rule and Risk Control of Geological Disasters in Yichang Tourist Attractions

宜昌市旅游资源丰富,然而景区内地质灾害造成的伤亡事件时有发生,为减轻地质灾害对旅游景区的威胁,宜昌市开展了37家3A级以上旅游景区地质灾害风险调查及评价工作。通过野外调查、无人机倾斜摄影等手段,查清宜昌市旅游景区185处地质灾害隐患点规模及发育特征;通过层次分析法,评价旅游景区地质灾害风险,并有针对性地制订风险管控措施。研究表明,宜昌市3A级以上旅游景区地质灾害类型以崩塌为主,崩塌166处,占比89.7%;规模以小型为主,一般为10~300 m^(3),占比97.8%;时间多发生于汛期(5—9月);空间上主要分布在丘陵和低山峡谷地貌单元,沿水系呈带状分布,坡度较陡;地层岩性主要分布于寒武系—奥陶系碳酸盐岩类地层分布区,易发岩组主要为灯影组、石龙洞组、三游洞组、南津关组和牯牛潭组;景区地质灾害风险管控总体较为容易,整体为地质灾害低风险区,占宜昌市旅游景区总面积的91%。结合景区地质灾害特点,通过机构设置、宣传培训、工程治理、监测预警、应急演练等有针对性的手段进行风险管控,可降低甚至消除地质灾害对游客及工作人员的威胁,保障游客游览安全。

Yichang city is rich in tourism resources, but geological disasters occur from time to time in scenic spots.In order to reduce the threat of geological disasters to scenic spots, the geological disaster risk survey and evaluation of 37 scenic spots above 3 A level in Yichang city are carried out.By field investigation and UAV oblique photography, the scale and development characteristics of 185 geological disaster points in Yichang tourist attractions are identified.The geological disaster risks in Yichang are evaluated by analytic hierarchy process(AHP),and risk control measures are formulated accordingly.The results show that the main geological disasters of the scenic spots in Yichang city are collapse, 166 of which are collapsed, accounting for 89.7%,and the scale is mainly small, generally 10-300 m^(3),accounting for 97.8%.Geological disasters mostly occurred in the flood season(from May to September).Geologic disasters are mainly developed in hilly and low mountain canyon landform units with steep slopes, and mainly distributed in the carbonate strata of Cambrian to Ordovician.The rocks are Dengying Formation, Shilongdong Formation, Sanyoudong Formation, Nanjinguan Formation, and Niutan Formation.The risk management and control of geological disasters in Yichang tourist attractions is relatively easy in general.The whole area is a low-risk area of geological disasters, accounting for 91% of the total area of Yichang tourist attractions.Risk control combined with the characteristics of geological disasters in scenic spots can reduce or even eliminate the threat of geological disasters to tourists, and fully ensure the safety of tourists.