南大洋浮游细菌群落结构研究进展

Progress in the study of bacterioplankton community structures in the Southern Ocean

浮游细菌是海洋微食物环的重要组成部分,在维持海洋生态系统稳定和物质循环中起着重要作用。本文对南大洋浮游细菌群落组成和分布特征以及影响因素进行概述,结果显示,优势类群为α-变形菌纲、γ-变形菌纲和噬纤维菌-屈挠杆菌-拟杆菌群,非优势类群组成则存在显著的空间差异。浮游细菌群落存在明显的季节变化,温度和溶解有机碳浓度是调控群落结构的主要环境因子,浮游细菌与微食物环其他类群存在明显的相互作用。气候变化导致的海洋升温、海洋酸化等环境变化会对浮游细菌产生深远影响。未来应加强对极地上层海洋与海冰相关浮游细菌群落和深海浮游细菌群落的研究,依托站基开展季节变化的现场调查和模式研究,预测南大洋浮游细菌群落的潜在变化趋势及调控机理。

Bacterioplankton is an important part of the marine microbial loop,playing a role in maintaining the stability of the marine ecosystem and material circulation.This paper summarizes the community composition of bacterioplankton and its influencing factors in different parts of the Southern Ocean.The results show that the dominant groups areα-proteobacteria,γ-proteobacteria,and Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides(CFB),while less abundant groups exhibit strong spatial variability.Temperature and dissolved organic carbon concentrations are two of the main environmental factors that regulate the community structure.There is an obvious interaction between bacterioplankton and other compnents of the microbial food web.Environmental changes such as increasing water temperature and ocean acidification caused by climate change may affect the bacterioplankton community.In the future,research on the bacterioplankton in the pelagic waters,pack ice zone,and deep waters,should be strengthened.In addition,research on seasonal community changes in nearshor waters should be conducted,as should attempts to predict the potential changes and regulation mechanisms of the bacterioplanktonic community in the Southern Ocean via both field investigations and modeling.