家长允许幼儿使用电子媒介的内在机制分析——基于扎根理论的探索性研究

Analysis of the Internal Mechanism of Parents Allowing Children to Use Electronic Media:Exploratory Research Based on Grounded Theory

本研究通过对23位3~6岁幼儿家长的深度访谈挖掘家长允许幼儿使用电子媒介的影响因素及其作用机制。研究表明家长允许幼儿使用电子媒介在价值引领(养育需求、教育需求、娱乐需求),过程保障(干预引导、使用习惯),结果导向(使用成效、媒介优势)和环境陶染(家庭环境、幼儿园环境、社会环境)的作用下不断建立和发展。其中,价值引领是内驱动力,过程保障是调节器,结果导向是助推器,环境陶染是外驱动力,由此构建“家长允许幼儿使用电子媒介”的理论模型。研究初步理清了影响家长允许幼儿使用电子媒介的作用机制,并基于家长角度提出以下建议:身正令行,环境熏陶;悉心陪伴,科学干预;拒绝盲从,去粗存精。

The purpose of the research is to explore the influencing factors and mechanism of parents allowing children to use electronic media through in-depth interviews with 23 parents who have children aged 3-6.Our research adopts grounded theory research methods.Research results show:Parents allow children to use electronic media in value guidance(nurture needs,education needs,entertainment needs),process assurance(intervention guidance,usage habits),result orientation(use effectiveness,media advantages)and environmental influences(family environment,kindergarten environment,social environment).Among them,the value guidance is the internal driving force,the process guarantee is the regulator,the result orientation is the booster,and the environmental influence is the external driving force.From the above analysis,the theoretical model of"parents allowing children to use electronic media"is constructed.In conclusion,this study preliminarily clarifies the mechanism that influences parents to allow their children to use electronic media,and we make the following suggestions based on the perspective of parents:behave in an orderly manner,teach by precepts and deeds;accompany carefully,and perform responsibilities well;refuse to follow blindly,and save the essence by deleting irrelative issues.