西安灞桥区15~18岁青少年性与生殖健康知信行状况调查

Investigation of knowledge,attitude,and practice on sexual and reproductive health among adolescents aged 15-18 in Baqiao district of Xi’an

目的:调查15~18岁青少年性与生殖健康知信行状况。方法:2021年3月便利选取西安市灞桥区3所中学,通过计算机随机数字法从3所学校随机抽取两个班级共288人参与调查,通过电子问卷平台发放《青少年性与生殖健康知信行调查问卷》,调查被调查青少年的性与生殖健康知识、态度及行为现状。结果:被调查青少年的生理卫生知识回答正确率最高为87.9%,最低为22.2%;性病知识回答正确率最高为86.1%;艾滋病知识中回答正确率最高为95.1%,最低为45.8%;避孕知识回答正确率最高为69.1%。48.3%认为应向未婚青少年免费发放安全套,49.0%能与亲朋好友自由谈论性健康话题,74.0%认为恋爱关系中没有义务满足对方性需求,51.7%认为非意愿性行为不应向外人说。男生对“射精前戴避孕套可有效避孕”的回答正确率高于女生,对“体外排精是安全有效的避孕方式”、“安全期可有效避孕”的回答正确率均低于女生(P<0.05)。女生认为“应向未婚青少年免费发放安全套”占比低于男生,认为“恋爱关系中没有义务满足对方性需求”占比高于男生(P<0.05)。结论:本次调查的15~18岁男性和女性的性与生殖健康知信行水平存在差异,学校及社会相关机构有必要根据不同性别青少年的性与生殖健康知信行特点,制定相应的健康教育方案,提供有针对性的性与生殖健康服务。

Objective:To investigate the situation of knowledge,attitude,and practice of sexual and reproductive health among adolescents aged 15-18 in Baqiao district of Xi'an.Methods:288 adolescents were randomly selected by convenience sampling method from two classes of three middle schools in Baqiao district of Xi'an by computer random number method.The questionnaire was distributed through the electronic questionnaire platform to investigate the current situation of knowledge,attitude,and practice of adolescent sexual and reproductive health.Results:The highest and lowest correct answer rates of physiological health knowledge of the adolescents were 87.9% and 22.2%,respectively.The highest correct rate of sexually transmitted diseases knowledge of the adolescents was 86.1%.The highest and lowest correct rates of AIDS knowledge of the adolescents were 95.1% and 45.8%,respectively.The highest correct rate of contraceptive knowledge of the adolescents was 69.1%.48.3% of these adolescents believed that condoms should be given to the unmarried teenagers freely.49.0% of the adolescents could freely talk about sexual health with their friends and family numbers.74.0% of the adolescents believed that there was no obligation to satisfy the sexual needs of their partner in a relationship,and 51.7%of the adolescents believed that that unwanted sexual activities,should not be revealed to outsiders.The answer accuracy rate of"condoms with high contraceptive effectiveness used before ejaculation"of the male students was significantly higher than that of the female students,but the answer accuracy rates of"external ejaculation with high contraceptive safety and effectiveness"and"safe period with high contraceptive effectiveness"of the male students were significantly lower than those of the female students(P<0.05).Conclusion:There are significant differences in the levels of sexual and reproductive health knowledge between the male students and the female students aged 15-18.It is necessary to formulate corresponding health education programs and provide targeted sexual and reproductive health services for the different gender adolescents based on their characteristics of knowledge,attitude,and practice of sexual and reproductive health.