数字普惠金融对农村回流劳动力收入影响及解释

The Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on the Income of Returned Labor Force in the Rural and its Explanation

在乡村振兴与共同富裕背景下,数字金融能否助力回流农民工收入增长,发挥数字金融普惠式作用,仍需深入探讨。本文基于数字普惠金融市级层面指数,结合2014年和2016年中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据,分析不同就业选择下数字普惠金融对回流农民工收入影响。研究结果发现:(1)数字普惠金融能显著影响回流农民工收入,数字普惠金融指数每提高1%,回流农民工收入增长0.132%。且创业收入高于被雇佣收入。(2)个体和家庭变量、一个地区的社会经济特征和地理特征均对回流农民收入变化产生影响。数字普惠金融三个维度指数(覆盖广度、使用深度及数字化程度)均能显著提升回流农民工收入。其中覆盖广度影响更显著。(3)空间异质性分析显示,我国东部地区、南方地区、华中和西南地区及经济相对发达的一线、新一线及二线等地区回流农民工收入受数字普惠金融影响更显著。(4)中介检验结果可知,数字金融能通过地方金融资源动员能力、社会网络及回流农民工职业选择等方式,影响回流农民工收入。本文研究可为现阶段数字普惠金融提高回流农民工收入,改善地区创业和就业金融环境提供相关政策支持。

It is an important question to be studied in depth whether the digital inclusive finance can help the returned labors’income increase in the context of the national strategy of Rural Revitalization and Prosperity-for-all.Based on the city level index of digital inclusive finance and the data of China labor force dynamic survey(CLDS)in 2014 and 2016,this paper analyzes the impact of digital Inclusive Finance on the income of returned labors in the rural area.The results show the following:1.Digital inclusive finance can significantly affect the income of returned labors in the rural with an increase by 0.132%for every 1%increase in the digital inclusive finance index.In addition,the entrepreneurial income is higher than the employed income;2.Individual and household variables,socioeconomic characteristics and geographical characteristics of a region all affect the income of returned rural labors.The three dimensional indexes of digital Inclusive Finance(coverage,depth of use and degree of digital support)can all significantly increase the income of returned labors and the coverage of digital inclusive finance is the most significant variable;3.Spatial heterogeneity analysis shows that the digital inclusive finance brings about more significant income promotion of the returned labors from the developed first-line metropolises,new first-line metropolises and second-line cities in the eastern,southern,central and southwest China;4.Further analysis shows that digital finance can affect the income of return labors through their local financial resource mobilization ability,social network and career choice.The research of this paper can provide relevant policy support for how to improve the income of returned labors and the financial environment for entrepreneurship and employment in the rural region.