武汉市4498家企业职业病危害申报情况分析

Analysis of 4498 Enterprises'Occupational Disease Hazard Declarations in Wuhan City

目的了解武汉市所有有职业病危害的企业现状,为切实开展职业病防治工作和实现监督管理提供现实依据。方法通过武汉市《职业病危害项目申报系统》(2019年8月试运行),收集2019年8月—2021年8月职业病危害因素申报企业电子档申报表进行整理分析;从国家职业病网报系统导出职业病报告信息与职业病危害申报信息进行比较分析。结果截至2021年8月31日,武汉市职业病危害因素申报系统已申报4498家企业,共有在册职工562102人,接触职业病危害人数(简称接害人数)(含外委)152239人,集中在制造业,主要分布在大中型企业,以外商投资企业为主。职业病危害因素检测评价中物理因素超标率最高(9.1%),以化学因素接害人数职业健康检查率最高(71.9%)。职业病危害因素申报系统中职业病患者累计人数为6914人,远高于国家职业病网报平台报告人数(472人)。结论武汉市接害人数主要分布在远城区,以大中型企业为主,提示武汉市今后职业卫生管理工作重点对象是大中型企业劳动者。物理因素是超标最严重的职业病危害因素,应重点防治与监管。

Objective To understand the current situation of all enterprises with occupational disease hazards in Wuhan City,and to provide pratical basis for effectively carrying out occupational disease prevention and control work and achieving supervision and management.Methods Collected and analyzed the electronic application forms of enterprises applying for occupational disease inductive factors from August 2019 to August 2021 through Wuhan Occupational Disease Hazard Project Application System(trial operation in August 2019).Exparted the occupational disease report information and occupational disease hazard declaration information from the national occupational disease online reporting system for comparative analysis.Results As of August 31,2021,4498 enterprises with a total of 562102 registered employees had declared the Wuhan Occupational Disease Hazard Reporting System.The number of people exposed to occupational disease hazards(referred to as the number of people exposed to hazards)(including outsourcing)was 152239,concentrated in the manufacturing industry,mainly in large and medium-sized enterprises,mainly foreign-invested enterprises.In the detection and evaluation of occupational hazard factors,the rate of physical factors exceeding the standard was the highest,which was 9.1%,and the rate of occupational health examination for the number of people exposed to chemical factors was the highest,which was 71.9%.The cumulative number of occupational disease patients in the occupational disease hazard factor reporting system was 6914,which was much higher than the number reported in the national occupational disease online reporting platform(472people).Conclusion The number of people receiving hazards in Wuhan is mainly distributed in distant urban areas and dominated by large and medium-sized enterprises,suggesting that the key target of future occupational health management in Wuhan is workers in large and medium-sized enterprises.Physical factors are the most serious occupational disease hazards factors that exceed the standard and should be focused on prevention and supervision.