虚静:魏晋玄学的价值向度

Void and Stillness: the Value of the Wei and Jin Metaphysics

魏晋玄学被作为中国最赋有形而上思辨性的哲学思想,也被称为中国哲学史上具有本体论意味的哲学,它是魏晋虚静思想的主要理论来源之一。魏晋玄学以虚静为宗,向道探赜,主要探讨的是人何以存在的终极哲学命题。魏晋玄学从其萌发,到形成和发展,在渊源、性质、目标和发展路径,从不同角度充分体现了其内在价值向度——虚静,以及其所蕴含的虚静之真、德、美、境界的多重价值,从而构建了境界形态上的形而上虚静理论体系。魏晋虚静理论体系旨在追寻社会良序和人内心的良序,力及通过有无、言意、名教与自然等议题讨论,超越社会、名教和有限、差别之境域一切限制,达到道之境——虚静之境,是为魏晋人最后的社会之良序心灵安顿之妙境。

Metaphysics of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, as China’s most speculative and ontological philosophy, is one of the main theoretical sources of the thought of void and stillness. It pursues void and stillness, explores Tao, and investigates the ultimate philosophical proposition of human existence. Metaphysics of the Wei and Jin Dynasties fully demonstrates void and stillness and highlights its multiple values, thus constructing a theoretical system of metaphysical void and stillness, which pursues social order and people’s inner goodness. Through a discussion of issues such as existence, meaning, fame, religion and nature, it transcends all restrictions and reaches the realm of Tao, that is, the realm of void and stillness,which is the last resort for the Wei and Jin people.